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1996 Iranian legislative election

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Field	Value
election_name	1996 Iranian legislative election
country	Iran
type	legislative
vote_type	Popular
previous_year	1992
election_date	8 March and 19 April 1996
next_year	2000
seats_for_election	All 270 seats of Islamic Consultative Assembly
majority_seats	135
registered	34,716,000
turnout	71.10%
image1	[[File:Mahdavi Kani in 1981.jpg	150x150px]]
leader1	Mohammad-Reza Mahdavi Kani
party1	Combatant Clergy Association
and allies
leaders_seat1	Did not stand
seats1	90≈150
colour1	009801
<!-- person 2 -->	image2	[[File:Karbaschi.jpg	150x150px]]
party2	Executives of Construction
and allies
leader2	Gholamhossein Karbaschi
leaders_seat2	Did not stand
seats2	60≈80
colour2	E11123
<!-- person 3 -->	image3	[[File:Officials met with the Supreme leader of Iran - October 11, 2006 -Mehdi Karroubi (Cropped).jpg	150x150px]]
party3	Association of Combatant Clerics
and allies
leader3	Mehdi Karoubi
leaders_seat3	Did not stand
seats3	30≈80
colour3	068CDA
title	Speaker
before_election	Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri
before_party	CCA
after_election	Ali Akbar Nategh-Nouri
after_party	CCA
map_image	[[File:National Consultative Assembly of Iran following the 1996 election.svg	National Consultative Assembly of Iran following the 1996 election]]
map_caption	Composition of the Assembly following the election

and allies and allies and allies Parliamentary elections were held in Iran on 8 March 1996, with a second round on 19 April. The Combatant Clergy Association and its allies emerged as the largest bloc in the Majlis, winning 110 of the 270 seats.

Electoral system

The constitution approved in a December 1979 referendum provided for a 270-seat Majlis, with five seats reserved for minority groups including Jews, Zorastrians, Armenians from the north and south of the country and one jointly elected by Assyrians.

The elections were conducted using a two-round system, with the number of candidates progressing to the second round being double the number of seats available. Candidates required an absolute majority to win a seat in the first round, and plurality to win in the second round. However, in this election, minimum percentages for candidates to be elected in first round was lowered to 33.33% (one-third of votes).

Campaign

A total of 3,726 candidates contested the elections, including around 326 women.

Main groups contesting in the elections were:

Combatant Clergy Association and Islamic Aligned Organizations ('traditional' right-wing)
Executives of Construction Party ('modern' right-wing)
Association for Defence of Revolution Values ('neocon' right-wing)
Association of Combatant Clerics ('traditional' left-wing)
Coalition of Imam's Line groups ('radical' left-wing) 15 Freedom Movement members presented themselves as candidates and only 4 of them made it through initial vetting, 3 of whom were excluded before polling day. The organization announced its intention to withdraw from the election. The election was boycotted by the National Front and Nation Party.

Results

Both conservatives and reformers claimed a 70 percent majority after the first round and also claimed independents as supporters. ;Salam newspaper According to Salam, Executives of Construction and Imam's Line Groups won shared 120 parliamentary seats. ;Adelkhah (1999)

Faction	Seats
Right	90 to 100
Executives of Construction	70 to 80
Left	about 40
Source: Adelkhah{{citation	title=Being Modern in Iran	author=Fariba Adelkhah	author-link1=Fariba Adelkhah	publisher=C. Hurst & Co. Publishers	year=1999	page=85}}

; Nohlen et al (2001) :In the following table, the Independents are counted as "allies".

Party	Seats	+/–
Combatant Clergy Association and allies	110	–40
Combatant Clerics of Tehran and allies	80	+80
Executives of Construction Party and allies	80	New
Source: Nohlen et al.

; Kazemzadeh (2008)

Faction	Seats	Total		270
Right-wing hardliners	150
Rafsanjani and Executives of Construction	15–60
Left-wing coalition of Imam's Line	30
Independents	30
Source: Kazemzadeh

Aftermath

The newly elected members of Majlis met for the first time on 1 June. Ali Akbar Nateq-Nouri remained in Speaker position until 2000 after he received 11 more votes than Abdullah Nouri (also a cleric).

References

"1996 Parliamentary Election". Princeton University.
[http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/IRAN_1988_E.PDF Iran] IPU
145 seats were won in the first round of voting.[http://www.ipu.org/parline-e/reports/arc/2149_96.htm Elections held in 1996] IPU
Beheshti, Ebrahim. (4 January 2016). "گزارش "ایران" از صف‌آرایی گروه‌های سیاسی در ۹ دوره انتخابات مجلس". [[Iran (newspaper).
(1996). "Human Rights Watch World Report 1997: Events of 1996". [[Human Rights Watch]].
Guy Engelman. (2 February 2000). "A Background to Iran's Forthcoming Majlis Elections". The Washington Institute for Near East Policy.
Canada: Immigration and Refugee Board of Canada, Iran: The National Kargozaran-Sazandegi Party; political view, its leaders, branches, and participation in any election in Iran (1998), 19 February 2002, IRN38586.E, available at: http://www.refworld.org/docid/3df4be498.html [accessed 10 June 2016]
(2001). "Elections in Asia: A Data Handbook". [[Oxford University Press]].
Masoud Kazemzadeh. (2008). "Intra-Elite Factionalism and the 2004 Majles Elections in Iran". Middle Eastern Studies.

Info: Wikipedia Source

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