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1988 United States presidential election in Missouri
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| Field | Value | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| election_name | 1988 United States presidential election in Missouri | |||
| country | Missouri | |||
| type | presidential | |||
| ongoing | no | |||
| previous_election | 1984 United States presidential election in Missouri | |||
| previous_year | 1984 | |||
| next_election | 1992 United States presidential election in Missouri | |||
| next_year | 1992 | |||
| election_date | November 8, 1988 | |||
| image_size | x200px | |||
| image1 | File:VP George Bush crop.jpg | |||
| nominee1 | George H. W. Bush | |||
| party1 | Republican Party (United States) | |||
| home_state1 | Texas | |||
| running_mate1 | Dan Quayle | |||
| electoral_vote1 | 11 | |||
| popular_vote1 | 1,084,953 | |||
| percentage1 | 51.83% | |||
| image2 | File:Dukakis campaign portrait 3x4.jpg | |||
| nominee2 | Michael Dukakis | |||
| party2 | Democratic Party (United States) | |||
| home_state2 | Massachusetts | |||
| running_mate2 | Lloyd Bentsen | |||
| electoral_vote2 | 0 | |||
| popular_vote2 | 1,001,619 | |||
| percentage2 | 47.85% | |||
| map_image | {{Switcher | [[File:Missouri Presidential Election Results 1988.svg | 300px]] | County results |
| map_size | 340px | |||
| title | President | |||
| before_election | Ronald Reagan | |||
| before_party | Republican Party (United States) | |||
| after_election | George H. W. Bush | |||
| after_party | Republican Party (United States) |
Main article: 1988 United States presidential election
| [[File:Missouri 1988 Presidential Election by township.svg|300px]]| Township results Bush Dukakis The 1988 United States presidential election in Missouri took place on November 8, 1988. All 50 states and the District of Columbia, were part of the 1988 United States presidential election. Voters chose 11 electors to the Electoral College, which selected the president and vice president.
Missouri was won by incumbent United States Vice President George H. W. Bush of Texas, who was running against Massachusetts Governor Michael Dukakis. Bush ran with Indiana Senator Dan Quayle as vice president, and Dukakis ran with Texas Senator Lloyd Bentsen.
Missouri weighed in for this election as almost 4% more Democratic than the national average.
The presidential election of 1988 was a very partisan election for Missouri, with more than 99% of the electorate voting for either the Democratic or Republican parties, and only three parties total appearing on the ballot. In typical form for the time, the more rural counties in Missouri turned out for the Republican candidate, while the more populated centers of the city of St. Louis (though, notably, not St. Louis County), and Kansas City, voted overwhelmingly Democratic. , this is the last election in which St. Louis County voted for a Republican presidential candidate.
Bush won the election in the battleground state of Missouri by a narrow 4-point margin, far below the margin of victory Reagan achieved just four years earlier. Bush's loss of many northern rural counties, combined with Dukakis's strong performance in the St. Louis city area, resulted in an unusually close result in the state given the national environment. A longtime bellwether state, Missouri voted for the national winner of every presidential election from 1904 to 2004, except 1956.
Results
| 1988 United States presidential election in Missouri | Party | Candidate | Votes | Percentage | Electoral votes | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | George H. W. Bush | 1,084,953 | 51.83% | 11 | ||||
| Democratic | Michael Dukakis | 1,001,619 | 47.85% | 0 | ||||
| New Alliance Party | Lenora Fulani | 6,656 | 0.32% | 0 | ||||
| Totals | 2,093,228 | 100.0% | 11 |
Results by county
| County | George H.W. Bush | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Michael Dukakis | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Democratic | Leonora Fulani | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New Alliance | Margin | Total votes cast | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | Totals | 1,084,953 | 51.83% | 1,001,619 | 47.85% | 6,656 | 0.32% | 83,334 | 3.98% | 2,093,228 | |||||||||||||
| Adair | 5,721 | 61.29% | 3,571 | 38.26% | 42 | 0.45% | 2,150 | 23.03% | 9,334 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Andrew | 3,407 | 52.12% | 3,103 | 47.47% | 27 | 0.41% | 304 | 4.65% | 6,537 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Atchison | 1,761 | 54.37% | 1,468 | 45.32% | 10 | 0.31% | 293 | 9.05% | 3,239 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Audrain | 5,072 | 49.11% | 5,226 | 50.61% | 29 | 0.28% | -154 | -1.50% | 10,327 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Barry | 7,231 | 63.00% | 4,210 | 36.68% | 36 | 0.31% | 3,021 | 26.32% | 11,477 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Barton | 3,339 | 67.35% | 1,603 | 32.33% | 16 | 0.32% | 1,736 | 35.02% | 4,958 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bates | 3,574 | 51.57% | 3,332 | 48.08% | 24 | 0.35% | 242 | 3.49% | 6,930 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Benton | 3,467 | 56.42% | 2,654 | 43.19% | 24 | 0.39% | 813 | 13.23% | 6,145 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bollinger | 2,710 | 58.94% | 1,883 | 40.95% | 5 | 0.11% | 827 | 17.99% | 4,598 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Boone | 22,948 | 48.35% | 24,370 | 51.35% | 140 | 0.29% | -1,422 | -3.00% | 47,458 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Buchanan | 15,336 | 44.99% | 18,601 | 54.57% | 152 | 0.45% | -3,265 | -9.58% | 34,089 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Butler | 7,968 | 58.00% | 5,751 | 41.86% | 19 | 0.14% | 2,217 | 16.14% | 13,738 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Caldwell | 2,074 | 54.38% | 1,726 | 45.25% | 14 | 0.37% | 348 | 9.13% | 3,814 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Callaway | 6,687 | 56.01% | 5,209 | 43.63% | 42 | 0.35% | 1,478 | 12.38% | 11,938 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Camden | 7,773 | 66.10% | 3,930 | 33.42% | 56 | 0.48% | 3,843 | 32.68% | 11,759 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cape Girardeau | 16,583 | 67.53% | 7,904 | 32.19% | 69 | 0.28% | 8,679 | 35.34% | 24,556 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carroll | 2,811 | 54.59% | 2,330 | 45.25% | 8 | 0.16% | 481 | 9.34% | 5,149 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carter | 1,429 | 56.53% | 1,087 | 43.00% | 12 | 0.47% | 342 | 13.53% | 2,528 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cass | 12,799 | 55.75% | 10,092 | 43.96% | 67 | 0.29% | 2,707 | 11.79% | 22,958 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cedar | 2,966 | 62.52% | 1,774 | 37.39% | 4 | 0.08% | 1,192 | 25.13% | 4,744 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chariton | 2,193 | 48.14% | 2,347 | 51.53% | 15 | 0.33% | -154 | -3.39% | 4,555 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Christian | 7,670 | 61.66% | 4,724 | 37.97% | 46 | 0.37% | 2,946 | 23.69% | 12,440 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clark | 1,493 | 43.52% | 1,925 | 56.11% | 13 | 0.38% | -432 | -12.59% | 3,431 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clay | 30,293 | 50.26% | 29,620 | 49.15% | 357 | 0.59% | 673 | 1.11% | 60,270 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Clinton | 3,282 | 47.15% | 3,653 | 52.48% | 26 | 0.37% | -371 | -5.33% | 6,961 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cole | 18,023 | 68.16% | 8,359 | 31.61% | 59 | 0.22% | 9,664 | 36.55% | 26,441 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Cooper | 3,737 | 59.64% | 2,510 | 40.06% | 19 | 0.30% | 1,227 | 19.58% | 6,266 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Crawford | 3,856 | 55.19% | 3,107 | 44.47% | 24 | 0.34% | 749 | 10.72% | 6,987 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dade | 2,154 | 61.97% | 1,315 | 37.83% | 7 | 0.20% | 839 | 24.14% | 3,476 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dallas | 2,898 | 55.50% | 2,298 | 44.01% | 26 | 0.50% | 600 | 11.49% | 5,222 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Daviess | 1,765 | 50.17% | 1,743 | 49.55% | 10 | 0.28% | 22 | 0.62% | 3,518 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| DeKalb | 1,863 | 48.48% | 1,970 | 51.26% | 10 | 0.26% | -107 | -2.78% | 3,843 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dent | 2,975 | 54.92% | 2,421 | 44.69% | 21 | 0.39% | 554 | 10.23% | 5,417 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Douglas | 3,225 | 64.85% | 1,735 | 34.89% | 13 | 0.26% | 1,490 | 29.96% | 4,973 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Dunklin | 5,026 | 48.70% | 5,281 | 51.17% | 13 | 0.13% | -255 | -2.47% | 10,320 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Franklin | 16,611 | 58.06% | 11,891 | 41.56% | 108 | 0.38% | 4,720 | 16.50% | 28,610 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gasconade | 4,216 | 72.01% | 1,621 | 27.69% | 18 | 0.31% | 2,595 | 44.32% | 5,855 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Gentry | 1,554 | 45.27% | 1,872 | 54.53% | 7 | 0.20% | -318 | -9.26% | 3,433 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Greene | 52,211 | 59.36% | 35,475 | 40.33% | 267 | 0.30% | 16,736 | 19.03% | 87,953 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Grundy | 2,668 | 56.38% | 2,052 | 43.36% | 12 | 0.25% | 616 | 13.02% | 4,732 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Harrison | 2,271 | 55.89% | 1,776 | 43.71% | 16 | 0.39% | 495 | 12.18% | 4,063 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Henry | 4,167 | 50.04% | 4,135 | 49.65% | 26 | 0.31% | 32 | 0.39% | 8,328 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hickory | 2,043 | 54.82% | 1,677 | 45.00% | 7 | 0.19% | 366 | 9.82% | 3,727 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Holt | 1,583 | 55.54% | 1,258 | 44.14% | 9 | 0.32% | 325 | 11.40% | 2,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Howard | 1,865 | 43.15% | 2,446 | 56.59% | 11 | 0.25% | -581 | -13.44% | 4,322 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Howell | 7,277 | 62.49% | 4,324 | 37.13% | 44 | 0.38% | 2,953 | 25.36% | 11,645 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Iron | 1,877 | 45.01% | 2,283 | 54.75% | 10 | 0.24% | -406 | -9.74% | 4,170 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jackson | 107,810 | 42.02% | 147,964 | 57.67% | 793 | 0.31% | -40,154 | -15.65% | 256,567 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jasper | 19,934 | 63.92% | 11,159 | 35.78% | 94 | 0.30% | 8,775 | 28.14% | 31,187 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Jefferson | 29,279 | 51.16% | 27,738 | 48.47% | 215 | 0.38% | 1,541 | 2.69% | 57,232 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Johnson | 7,512 | 58.14% | 5,373 | 41.58% | 36 | 0.28% | 2,139 | 16.56% | 12,921 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Knox | 1,212 | 49.03% | 1,255 | 50.77% | 5 | 0.20% | -43 | -1.74% | 2,472 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Laclede | 6,070 | 63.65% | 3,442 | 36.09% | 24 | 0.25% | 2,628 | 27.56% | 9,536 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lafayette | 6,825 | 54.54% | 5,654 | 45.18% | 35 | 0.28% | 1,171 | 9.36% | 12,514 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lawrence | 6,911 | 60.73% | 4,432 | 38.95% | 36 | 0.32% | 2,479 | 21.78% | 11,379 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lewis | 1,803 | 42.20% | 2,460 | 57.57% | 10 | 0.23% | -657 | -15.37% | 4,273 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lincoln | 5,305 | 53.38% | 4,605 | 46.34% | 28 | 0.28% | 700 | 7.04% | 9,938 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Linn | 3,061 | 49.15% | 3,150 | 50.58% | 17 | 0.27% | -89 | -1.43% | 6,228 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Livingston | 3,462 | 52.88% | 3,077 | 47.00% | 8 | 0.12% | 385 | 5.88% | 6,547 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Macon | 3,406 | 51.30% | 3,215 | 48.43% | 18 | 0.27% | 191 | 2.87% | 6,639 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Madison | 2,528 | 53.75% | 2,167 | 46.08% | 8 | 0.17% | 361 | 7.67% | 4,703 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Maries | 1,919 | 55.14% | 1,552 | 44.60% | 9 | 0.26% | 367 | 10.54% | 3,480 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Marion | 5,034 | 47.16% | 5,617 | 52.62% | 23 | 0.22% | -583 | -5.46% | 10,674 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| McDonald | 3,812 | 61.95% | 2,299 | 37.36% | 42 | 0.68% | 1,513 | 24.59% | 6,153 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mercer | 875 | 49.89% | 877 | 50.00% | 2 | 0.11% | -2 | -0.11% | 1,754 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Miller | 5,662 | 68.82% | 2,555 | 31.06% | 10 | 0.12% | 3,107 | 37.76% | 8,227 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mississippi | 2,218 | 43.99% | 2,814 | 55.81% | 10 | 0.20% | -596 | -11.82% | 5,042 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Moniteau | 3,502 | 64.30% | 1,936 | 35.55% | 8 | 0.15% | 1,566 | 28.75% | 5,446 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Monroe | 1,542 | 38.42% | 2,461 | 61.31% | 11 | 0.27% | -919 | -22.89% | 4,014 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Montgomery | 2,714 | 56.66% | 2,064 | 43.09% | 12 | 0.25% | 650 | 13.57% | 4,790 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Morgan | 3,958 | 60.13% | 2,604 | 39.56% | 20 | 0.30% | 1,354 | 20.57% | 6,582 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New Madrid | 3,387 | 46.99% | 3,812 | 52.89% | 9 | 0.12% | -425 | -5.90% | 7,208 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Newton | 10,617 | 64.36% | 5,798 | 35.15% | 82 | 0.50% | 4,819 | 29.21% | 16,497 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nodaway | 4,103 | 48.92% | 4,240 | 50.55% | 44 | 0.52% | -137 | -1.63% | 8,387 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Oregon | 1,717 | 45.59% | 2,042 | 54.22% | 7 | 0.19% | -325 | -8.63% | 3,766 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Osage | 3,885 | 68.58% | 1,771 | 31.26% | 9 | 0.16% | 2,114 | 37.32% | 5,665 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ozark | 2,404 | 64.21% | 1,329 | 35.50% | 11 | 0.29% | 1,075 | 28.71% | 3,744 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pemiscot | 3,066 | 48.18% | 3,288 | 51.67% | 10 | 0.16% | -222 | -3.49% | 6,364 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Perry | 3,836 | 64.08% | 2,136 | 35.68% | 14 | 0.23% | 1,700 | 28.40% | 5,986 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pettis | 9,648 | 63.47% | 5,486 | 36.09% | 66 | 0.43% | 4,162 | 27.38% | 15,200 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Phelps | 8,329 | 58.44% | 5,867 | 41.16% | 57 | 0.40% | 2,462 | 17.28% | 14,253 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pike | 3,271 | 46.07% | 3,816 | 53.75% | 13 | 0.18% | -545 | -7.68% | 7,100 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Platte | 11,838 | 51.18% | 11,225 | 48.53% | 66 | 0.29% | 613 | 2.65% | 23,129 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Polk | 5,030 | 59.39% | 3,419 | 40.37% | 21 | 0.25% | 1,611 | 19.02% | 8,470 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pulaski | 4,642 | 57.22% | 3,446 | 42.48% | 24 | 0.30% | 1,196 | 14.74% | 8,112 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Putnam | 1,365 | 62.73% | 803 | 36.90% | 8 | 0.37% | 562 | 25.83% | 2,176 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ralls | 1,494 | 37.44% | 2,489 | 62.38% | 7 | 0.18% | -995 | -24.94% | 3,990 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Randolph | 4,384 | 45.22% | 5,291 | 54.57% | 20 | 0.21% | -907 | -9.35% | 9,695 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ray | 3,763 | 43.44% | 4,879 | 56.33% | 20 | 0.23% | -1,116 | -12.89% | 8,662 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Reynolds | 1,162 | 38.29% | 1,864 | 61.42% | 9 | 0.30% | -702 | -23.13% | 3,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ripley | 2,647 | 57.29% | 1,961 | 42.45% | 12 | 0.26% | 686 | 14.84% | 4,620 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| St. Charles | 50,005 | 62.90% | 29,286 | 36.84% | 209 | 0.26% | 20,719 | 26.06% | 79,500 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| St. Clair | 2,312 | 55.27% | 1,864 | 44.56% | 7 | 0.17% | 448 | 10.71% | 4,183 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| St. Francois | 7,923 | 49.13% | 8,158 | 50.59% | 46 | 0.29% | -235 | -1.46% | 16,127 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| St. Louis | 262,784 | 54.67% | 216,534 | 45.05% | 1,358 | 0.28% | 46,250 | 9.62% | 480,676 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| St. Louis City | 40,906 | 26.96% | 110,076 | 72.55% | 732 | 0.48% | -69,170 | -45.59% | 151,714 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Ste. Genevieve | 2,532 | 41.08% | 3,612 | 58.60% | 20 | 0.32% | -1,080 | -17.52% | 6,164 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Saline | 4,625 | 47.70% | 5,039 | 51.97% | 32 | 0.33% | -414 | -4.27% | 9,696 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Schuyler | 1,063 | 51.11% | 1,013 | 48.70% | 4 | 0.19% | 50 | 2.41% | 2,080 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scotland | 1,248 | 52.61% | 1,117 | 47.09% | 7 | 0.30% | 131 | 5.52% | 2,372 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scott | 8,013 | 57.45% | 5,914 | 42.40% | 21 | 0.15% | 2,099 | 15.05% | 13,948 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shannon | 1,696 | 48.46% | 1,796 | 51.31% | 8 | 0.23% | -100 | -2.85% | 3,500 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Shelby | 1,586 | 46.54% | 1,818 | 53.35% | 4 | 0.12% | -232 | -6.81% | 3,408 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stoddard | 5,822 | 55.25% | 4,701 | 44.61% | 15 | 0.14% | 1,121 | 10.64% | 10,538 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Stone | 5,080 | 63.49% | 2,889 | 36.11% | 32 | 0.40% | 2,191 | 27.38% | 8,001 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sullivan | 1,897 | 54.75% | 1,562 | 45.08% | 6 | 0.17% | 335 | 9.67% | 3,465 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taney | 7,043 | 64.16% | 3,888 | 35.42% | 46 | 0.42% | 3,155 | 28.74% | 10,977 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Texas | 4,584 | 53.91% | 3,887 | 45.71% | 32 | 0.38% | 697 | 8.20% | 8,503 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Vernon | 4,149 | 54.79% | 3,402 | 44.93% | 21 | 0.28% | 747 | 9.86% | 7,572 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Warren | 4,452 | 60.07% | 2,935 | 39.60% | 24 | 0.32% | 1,517 | 20.47% | 7,411 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Washington | 3,240 | 46.29% | 3,744 | 53.49% | 16 | 0.23% | -504 | -7.20% | 7,000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wayne | 2,648 | 51.80% | 2,456 | 48.04% | 8 | 0.16% | 192 | 3.76% | 5,112 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Webster | 5,123 | 56.70% | 3,890 | 43.05% | 22 | 0.24% | 1,233 | 13.65% | 9,035 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Worth | 677 | 47.98% | 732 | 51.88% | 2 | 0.14% | -55 | -3.90% | 1,411 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wright | 4,151 | 64.92% | 2,232 | 34.91% | 11 | 0.17% | 1,919 | 30.01% | 6,394 |
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic
- Audrain
- Boone
- Buchanan
- Chariton
- Clark
- Clinton
- DeKalb
- Dunklin
- Gentry
- Howard
- Iron
- Knox
- Lewis
- Linn
- Marion
- Mercer
- Monroe
- New Madrid
- Nodaway
- Pemiscot
- Pike
- Ralls
- Randolph
- Ray
- St. Francois
- St. Genevieve
- Saline
- Shannon
- Shelby
- Washington
- Worth
By congressional district
Bush won seven of nine congressional districts, including three that elected a Democrat.
| District | Bush | Dukakis | Representative | ||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 27% | 73% | Bill Clay | |||||||||||||||||||
| 61% | 39% | Jack Buechner | |||||||||||||||||||
| 53% | 47% | Dick Gephardt | |||||||||||||||||||
| 59% | 41% | Ike Skelton | |||||||||||||||||||
| 39% | 61% | Alan Wheat | |||||||||||||||||||
| 50% | 50% | Tom Coleman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 62% | 38% | Mel Hancock | |||||||||||||||||||
| 55% | 45% | Bill Emerson | |||||||||||||||||||
| 54% | 46% | Harold Volkmer |
References
References
- "Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections". Uselectionatlas.org.
- Our Campaigns; [https://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=2125 MO US President 1988]
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