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1986 World Rally Championship

14th season of the FIA World Rally Championship


14th season of the FIA World Rally Championship

Juha Kankkunen World Manufacturers' Champion: Peugeot The 1986 World Rally Championship was the 14th season of the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) World Rally Championship (WRC). The season consisted of 13 rallies, including all twelve venues of the previous season as well as the addition of the Olympus Rally. This marked the return of the WRC to the United States and North America, as well as the first world rally to be held on the western side of the continent. The December rally would also be the only WRC event to feature Group B competition in the United States.

The 1986 season was notable for being the last World Rally Championship season driven with the popular Group B rally cars, which were banned after the fatal crashes at the Rally Portugal, where three spectators were killed and more than 30 injured, and at the Tour de Corse, where Henri Toivonen and his co-driver Sergio Cresto died in a fireball accident. This was the year where Group B (first introduced in 1982) was at its peak, and the 1986 season saw some of the most powerful and sophisticated rally cars ever built, some of which were mid-engined, like the Lancia Delta S4 and the Ford RS200. The drivers' championship was won by Peugeot's Juha Kankkunen, followed by two other "Flying Finns", Lancia's Markku Alén and Kankkunen's teammate Timo Salonen. The manufacturers' title was taken by Peugeot, after a close battle with the Martini-sponsored Lancia team.

Summary

The season began with the Monte Carlo Rally and Henri Toivonen took the win with his Lancia Delta S4, making himself the favourite for the title. At the International Swedish Rally in wintery snow and ice, Toivonen had to retire due to an engine failure and Juha Kankkunen won the event with his Peugeot 205 Turbo 16 E2, ahead of Toivonen's teammate Markku Alén. At the next rally in Portugal, Joaquim Santos lost control of his Ford RS200 and plunged into the crowd, killing three spectators and injuring more than 30. All the factory team drivers decided to withdraw from the race, giving the win to home country's relatively unknown driver, Joaquim Moutinho.

After veteran Swede Björn Waldegård's triumph at the extremely arduous and difficult Safari Rally in Kenya driving a Toyota Celica TCT over Alén and his Lancia 037 Evo (which was the S4's predecessor and used only by Lancia for the Safari Rally; the S4 was not used for the Safari Rally due to Lancia determining that it was too new and not developed enough for that rally), another fatal accident at the Tour de Corse on the French island of Corsica would change the course of rallying. Toivonen and his co-driver Sergio Cresto in their Lancia went off the side of the road, plunged down a ravine and landed on its roof. The aluminium fuel tank underneath the driver's seat was ruptured by the trees and exploded. Toivonen and Cresto had no time to get out and both men burned to death in their seats. The accident had no witnesses close enough to clearly see the accident.

This caused Jean-Marie Balestre and the FISA to immediately freeze the development of the Group B cars and ban them from competing for the 1987 season. Audi and Ford decided to withdraw from competing, while other teams continued with their Group B models until the end of the season. Peugeot boss Jean Todt was outraged over the ban and pursued legal action against the federation. After Lancia's remaining car retirement, the Tour de Corse was eventually won by Peugeot's Bruno Saby, which marked his career-first WRC victory. The Acropolis Rally in Greece and the New Zealand Rally were won consecutively by Kankkunen; and the third driver to take his debut win during the season was Lancia's Miki Biasion, who edged out teammate Alén to win the Rally Argentina.

Finnish drivers finished first, second and third in the Jyväskylä Rally (otherwise known as the Finnish Rally, the fastest race of the year), with Salonen and Kankkunen giving Peugeot a 1-2 result, with Alén coming in third for Lancia. This was not much of a surprise, as this rally had only ever been won by Finnish and Swedish drivers until 1990. The Ivory Coast Rally, which was considered to be the most demanding, gruelling and certainly the most attrition-filled rally of the year (a rally where drivers had an unbelievable one in ten chance of finishing) was skipped by all of the Group B teams except Toyota, and was won by Waldegård in his Celica, completing his World Championship African rally sweep. The season included more controversy when the organizers of the Rallye Sanremo disqualified the entire Peugeot team from the event due to illegal side skirts. However, the cars were proven legal by the FIA, and the Italian organizers were blamed for not allowing French Peugeots to take the win ahead of the Italian Lancias. Eventually, the FISA annulled the results of the whole event. Peugeot then became the manufacturers' champions, but Kankkunen was not sure about his title over Alén until three weeks after the season ended, at the RAC Rally in the United Kingdom, specifically Wales and England. Salonen won this race, with Alen finishing second and Kankkunen third, this was enough for Kankkunen to take the Driver's Championship. The last WRC round of the year was the first Olympus Rally in the state of Washington in the northwest United States, which Alén won, with Kankkunen finishing second.

1986 marked the only season in which the FIA issued the World Championship for Drivers of Group A Cars. Swede Kenneth Eriksson, driving a Volkswagen Golf GTI 16V took the title ahead of Austrian Rudi Stohl in his Audi Coupé Quattro, a lower powered version of the Group B Quattros. This championship became unnecessary in future years due to the elimination of Group B cars. From 1987 onwards, Group A cars would be the vehicles used by drivers competing for the main World Rally Championship for Drivers.

Calendar

Rd.Start dateFinish dateRallyRally headquartersSurfaceStagesDistancePoints12345678910111213
18 January24 JanuaryMON 54th Rallye Automobile Monte-CarloMonte CarloMixed36881.20 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
14 February16 FebruarySWE 36th International Swedish RallyKarlstad, Värmland CountySnow30556.79 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
5 March8 MarchPOR 20th Rallye de Portugal - Vinho do PortoEstoril, LisbonMixed48703.50 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
29 March2 AprilKEN 34th Marlboro Safari RallyNairobiGravelN/A4190 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
1 May3 MayFRA 30th Tour de Corse - Rallye de FranceAjaccio, CorsicaTarmac301122.34 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
2 June4 JuneGRC 33rd Bosch Acropolis RallyAthensGravel46689.92 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
5 July8 JulyNZL 17th AWA Clarion Rally of New ZealandAucklandGravel35597.76 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
6 August9 AugustARG 6th Marlboro Rally of ArgentinaBuenos AiresGravel27624.35 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
5 September7 SeptemberFIN 36th Rally of the 1000 LakesJyväskylä, Central FinlandGravel48389.97 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
24 September27 SeptemberCIV 18th Rallye Cote d'IvoireYamoussoukroGravelN/A3763 kmDrivers only
13 October17 OctoberITA 28th Rallye SanremoSanremo, LiguriaMixed40532.60 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
16 November19 NovemberGBR 42nd Lombard RAC RallyBath, SomersetGravel45515.04 kmDrivers & Manufacturers
4 December7 DecemberUSA 14th Toyota Olympus RallyTacoma, WashingtonGravel40540.65 kmDrivers only
Sources:

Teams and drivers

TeamManufacturerCarTyreDriversRoundsPeugeotAudiLanciaMGCitroënFordToyotaOpelMazdaVolkswagenSubaruRenaultŠkodaMajor entries not registered as manufacturersFiatNissanRenaultPorsche
FRA Peugeot Talbot Sport205 Turbo 16 E2FIN Timo Salonen1–3, 5–7, 9, 11–12
FIN Juha Kankkunen1–4, 6–9, 11–13
FRA Bruno Saby1, 5–6, 8, 11
FRA Michèle Mouton1, 5
KEN Shekhar Mehta4
SWE Stig Blomqvist9
ITA Andrea Zanussi11
ITA Paolo Alessandrini11
FIN Mikael Sundström12
USA Jon Woodner13
DEU Audi SportQuattro Sport S1DEU Walter Röhrl1, 3, 6
FIN Hannu Mikkola1, 6
AUT Rudi Stohl1, 3–4, 6–8, 10–11
SWE Mikael Ericsson2
SWE Gunner Pettersson2
NZL Malcolm Stewart7
AUT Wilfred Wiedner10
FRA Adolphe Choteau10
DEU Harald Demuth12
USA John Buffum13
ITA Martini LanciaDelta S4
Rally 037 evo*FIN Markku Alén1–9, 11–13
FIN Henri Toivonen1–3, 5
ITA Miki Biasion1, 3–8, 11
KEN Vic Preston Jr4
KEN Greg Criticos4
KEN John Hellier4
SWE Mikael Ericsson6–7, 9, 12
ARG Jorge Recalde8
SWE Kalle Grundel9
ITA Dario Cerrato11
ITA Paolo Alessandriani13
GBR Austin Rover World Rally TeamMetro 6R4GBR Tony Pond1, 3, 5, 11–12
GBR Malcolm Wilson1–3, 5, 9, 11–12
SWE Per Eklund2, 9, 12
BEL Marc Duez3, 11–12
FRA Didier Auriol5
FIN Harri Toivonen9, 12
GBR David Llewellin12
GBR Jimmy McRae12
FRA Citroën CompétitionsBX 4TCFRA Jean-Claude Andruet1–2, 6
FRA Philippe Wambergue1–2, 6
FRA Maurice Chomat6
GBR [Ford World Rally TeamFord Motor Co[RS200SWE Stig Blomqvist2–3, 6, 12
SWE Kalle Grundel2–3, 6, 12
PRT Joaquim Santos3
GBR Mark Lovell12
SWE Stig Andervang12
JPN Toyota Team EuropeCelica TCTSWE Björn Waldegård4, 10, 13
DEU Erwin Weber4, 10
SWE Lars-Erik Torph4, 10, 13
KEN Robin Ulyate10
NZL Steve Millen13
DEU Opel Euro TeamManta 400KEN Basil Criticos4, 8
JPN Mazda Rally Team EuropeFamilia 4WDSWE Ingvar Carlsson1–2, 9, 12
DEU Achim Warmbold1
NZL Rod Millen7, 13
DEU Volkswagen MotorsportGolf GTiAUT Franz Wittmann1, 3–6, 8
SWE Kenneth Eriksson1–9, 11–12
JPN Fuji Heavy IndustriesRX TurboKEN Mike Kirkland4, 7
NZL Possum Bourne4, 7, 13
KEN Frank Tundo4, 7
FRA Renault Elf Philips11 TurboFRA Jean Ragnotti5, 11
CZE Škoda MotorsportŠkoda 130 LRCZE Ladislav Krecek6, 9
CZE Svatopluk Kvaizar6, 9
ITA Jolly ClubUno TurboITA Giovanni del Zoppo1, 3, 5–6, 11
ITA Michele Rayneri1, 5–6, 11
ITA Alex Fiorio1, 3, 5, 11
JPN Team Nissan Europe240RSKEN Jayant Shah4
GRC George Moschous6
GRC Stratis Hatzipanayiotou6
NZL Reg Cook7
NZL Paddy Davidson7
FRA Alain Ambrosino10
GBR Louise Aitken-Walker12
FRA Société DiacR5 Maxi TurboFRA François Chatriot5
DEU Rothmans Porsche Rally Team911SC RSQAT Saeed Al-Hajri6
  • Lancia ran out of time to build the safari version of the Delta S4

Events

Map

Black = TarmacBrown = GravelBlue = Snow/iceRed = Mixed surface

Schedule and results

RoundRally nameStagesPodium finishersRankDriverCo-driverTeamCarTime12345678910111213
MCO Rallye Automobile Monte Carlo
(18–24 January)36 stages
867 km
Tarmac/Snow1FIN Henri ToivonenUSA Sergio CrestoITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S410:11:24
2FIN Timo SalonenFIN Seppo HarjanneFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E210:15:28
3FIN Hannu MikkolaSWE Arne HertzFRG Audi SportAudi Sport Quattro S110:18:46
SWE Swedish Rally
(14–16 February)30 stages
558 km
Snow/Ice1FIN Juha KankkunenFIN Juha PiironenFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E25:09:19
2FIN Markku AlénFIN Ilkka KivimäkiITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S45:11:13
3SWE Kalle GrundelGBR Terry HarrymanGBR Ford Motor Co LtdFord RS2005:15:35
PRT Rallye de Portugal
(5–8 March)42 stages
556 km
Gravel/Tarmac1PRT Joaquim MoutinhoPRT Edgar FortesPRT Renault GalpRenault 5 Turbo7:50:44
2PRT Carlos BicaPRT Cândido JúniorPRT Duriforte ConstruçõesLancia Rally 0378:04:11
3ITA Giovanni Del ZoppoITA Loris RoggiaITA Jolly ClubFiat Uno Turbo8:07:36
KEN Safari Rally
(29 March–2 April)63 controls
4190 km
Gravel1SWE Björn WaldegårdGBR Fred GallagherJPN Toyota Team EuropeToyota Celica TCT+5:06 pen
2SWE Lars-Erik TorphSWE Bo ThorszeliusJPN Toyota Team EuropeToyota Celica TCT+5:34 pen
3FIN Markku AlénFIN Ilkka KivimäkiITA Martini RacingLancia Rally 037 evo+6.12 pen
FRA Tour de Corse
(1–3 May)24 stages
1017 km
Tarmac1FRA Bruno SabyFRA Jean-François FauchilleFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E211:52:44
2FRA François ChatriotFRA Michel PérinFRA Société DiacRenault 5 Maxi Turbo12:06:32
3FRA Yves LoubetFRA Jean-Marc AndriéFRA Alfa Romeo Rothmans TeamAlfa Romeo Alfetta GTV612:45:59
GRC Acropolis Rally
(2–4 June)38 stages
575 km
Gravel1FIN Juha KankkunenFIN Juha PiironenFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E27:20:01
2ITA Miki BiasionITA Tiziano SivieroITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S47:21:38
3FRA Bruno SabyFRA Jean-François FauchilleFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E27:29:55
NZL Rally New Zealand
(5–8 July)34 stages
597 km
Gravel/Tarmac1FIN Juha KankkunenFIN Juha PiironenFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E25:43:45
2FIN Markku AlénFIN Ilkka KivimäkiITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S45:45:25
3ITA Miki BiasionITA Tiziano SivieroITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S45:53:36
ARG Rally Argentina
(6–9 August)26 stages
569 km
Gravel1ITA Miki BiasionITA Tiziano SivieroITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S46:36:26
2FIN Markku AlénFIN Ilkka KivimäkiITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S46:36:50
3SWE Stig BlomqvistSWE Bruno BerglundFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E26:40:42
FIN 1000 Lakes Rally
(5–7 September)47 stages
382 km
Gravel1FIN Timo SalonenFIN Seppo HarjanneFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E23:32:45
2FIN Juha KankkunenFIN Juha PiironenFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E23:33:09
3FIN Markku AlénFIN Ilkka KivimäkiITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S43:34:30
Ivory Coast Rallye Côte d'Ivoire
(24–27 September)73 controls
3763 km
Gravel1SWE Björn WaldegårdGBR Fred GallagherJPN Toyota Team EuropeToyota Celica TCT+1:29 pen
2SWE Lars-Erik TorphSWE Bo ThorszeliusJPN Toyota Team EuropeToyota Celica TCT+1:37 pen
3FRG Erwin WeberFRG Günter WangerJPN Toyota Team EuropeToyota Celica TCT+2:27 pen
ITA Rallye Sanremo
(13–17 October)39 stages
488 km
Gravel/Tarmac1FIN Markku AlénFIN Ilkka KivimäkiITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S45:31:35
2ITA Dario CerratoITA Giuseppe CerriITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S45:32:53
3ITA Miki BiasionITA Tiziano SivieroITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S45:33:17
GBR RAC Rally
(16–19 November)45 stages
517 km
Gravel1FIN Timo SalonenFIN Seppo HarjanneFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E25:21:11
2FIN Markku AlénFIN Ilkka KivimäkiITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S45:22:33
3FIN Juha KankkunenFIN Juha PiironenFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E25:27:16
USA Olympus Rally
(4–7 December)39 stages
525 km
Gravel1FIN Markku AlénFIN Ilkka KivimäkiITA Martini RacingLancia Delta S45:26:10
2FIN Juha KankkunenFIN Juha PiironenFRA Peugeot Talbot SportPeugeot 205 Turbo 16 E25:29:36
3USA John BuffumGBR Neil WilsonUSA Audi Of AmericaAudi Sport Quattro5:50:24

: FISA later annulled the results.

Standings

Drivers' championship

RankDriverEventTotal
pointsMCO
MONSWE
SWEPRT
PORKEN
KENFRA
FRAGRC
GRCNZL
NZLARG
ARGFIN
FINIvory Coast
CIVITA
ITAGBR
GBRUSA
USA11182104363448547640738828926102511222213202015161615151812121212221010101010101029888883483573666666666445454444493333333333360222222222270111111111100000000000000* - Note: FISA annulled the results for the Rallye Sanremo
FIN Juha Kankkunen51WD511Ret2*32
FIN Markku AlénRet2WD3WDRet223*21
FIN Timo Salonen2RetWDRetRet51*1
SWE Björn Waldegård11*5
ITA Miki BiasionRetWDRetWD231*
SWE Lars-Erik Torph22*4
FRA Bruno Saby613Ret*
SWE Mikael Ericsson4Ret45*Ret
SWE Kalle Grundel3WDRet6*5
SWE Kenneth Eriksson97WDRet877512*11
SWE Stig BlomqvistRetWDRet34*Ret
FRG Erwin Weber43*
FIN Henri Toivonen1RetWDRet*
PRT Joaquim Moutinho1*
AUT Rudi Stohl17WDRet61267*
PRT Carlos Bica2*
FRA François Chatriot2*
FIN Hannu Mikkola3*
ITA Giovanni Del ZoppoRet3RetRet*
FRA Yves Loubet3*
USA John Buffum*3
FRG Walter Röhrl4WD*
PRT Jorge Ortigão4*
FRA Jean Ragnotti4*
QAT Saeed Al-Hajri4*
ARG Jorge Recalde4*
KEN Robin Ulyate4*
FIN Mikael SundströmRet*4
SWE Gunnar Pettersson5Ret*
MCO Auguste TurianiRet5Ret*
FRA Jean-Claude Torre5*
GRC Stratis Hatzipanayiotou5*
Ivory Coast Samir Assef5*
SWE Per EklundRet7*7
AUT Franz Wittmann10WD12Ret97*
FRA Jean-Claude AndruetRet6Ret*
FRA Jean-Sébastien Couloumiès6*
KEN Mike Kirkland6Ret*
FRA Paul Rouby6*
NZL Neil Allport6*
AUT Wilfried Wiedner6*
GBR Tony PondRetWDRet*6
ITA Paolo Alessandrini*6
NZL Rod Millen10*7
ESP Salvador Servià7*
PRT Ramiro Fernandes7*
KEN Frank Tundo7Ret*
FRA Michel Neri7*
FRA Alain Oreille8Ret*
SWE Roger Ericsson8*
ITA Giovanni Recordati8Ret19*
KEN Shekhar Mehta8*
GRC Iórgos Moschous8*
NZL Paddy Davidson8*
CHL José Celsi8*
FIN Harri Toivonen8*Ret
FRA Alain Ambrosino8*
GBR Jimmy McRae*8
NZL Possum BourneRetRet*8
SWE Björn Johansson9*
PRT António Segurado9*
KEN Greg Criticos9*
FRA Gilbert Casanova9*
NZL Reg Cook9*
ARG Ernesto Soto9*
FIN Lasse Lampi9*
FRA Patrick Copetti9*
GBR David Llewellin*9
NZL Clive Smith*9
SWE Sören Nilsson10*
PRT António Coutinho10*
KEN Johnny Hellier10*
FRA Christian Gardavot10*
ITA Michele RayneriRetRetRet10*
KEN Basil Criticos1110*
GBR Malcolm WilsonRetRetWDRet10*17
Ivory Coast Martial Yacé10*
SWE Ingvar CarlssonRetRetRet*10
USA Paul Choiniere*10
CZE Ladislav Krecek1226*
CZE Svatopluk Kvaizar1437*
ITA Alex FiorioRetRetWDRet*
FRA Philippe WambergueRetRetRet*
FRA Michele MoutonRetRet*
GER Achim WarmboldRet*
POR Joaquim SantosRet*
TAN Jayant ShahRet*
KEN Vic Preston Jr.Ret*
FRA Didier AuriolRet*
FRA Maurice ChomatRet*
NZL Malcolm StewartRet*
FRA Adolphe ChoteauRet*
BEL Marc DuezWD*Ret

Manufacturers' championship

RankManufacturersEventTotal
pointsMCO
MONSWE
SWEPRT
PORKEN
KENFRA
FRAGRC
GRCNZL
NZLARG
ARGFIN
FINITA
ITAGBR
GBR113721223654295246207148139121010119125* - Note: FISA annulled the results for the Sanremo Rally
FRA Peugeot1720-(10)202020(14)20*20
ITA Lancia2017-(14)-17172014*17
FRG Volkswagen910--9111214-*-
FRG Audi1415-------*-
GBR Ford-14-------*10
JPN Toyota---20-----*-
FRA Renault----14----*-
JPN Subaru---13-----*-
GBR Austin Rover--------4*8
FRA Citroën-10-------*-
JPN Mazda---------*9
FRG Opel-------5-*-

Pointscoring systems

Drivers' championship

Points awarded by finish1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th
2015

Manufacturers' championship

Points awarded by overall finish1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th9th10th
1210
Points awarded by group finish1st2nd3rd4th5th6th7th8th
87

References

References

  1. "FIA World Rally Championship 1986". RallyBase.
  2. Noakes, Andrew. "Group Therapy". PistonHeads.com.
  3. Maruszewska, Witolda. "Henri Toivonen biography". Post 14.
  4. "Who is... Jean Todt?". Grandprix.com.
  5. Biewer, Chris. "1986 World Rally Championship Summary". Rallye-Info.com.
  6. "WRC 1986". [[eWRC-results.com]].
  7. "1986 WRC calendar". Jonkka's World Rally Archive.
  8. Event not included in the Manufacturers' Championship
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