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1984 in spaceflight
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| Field | Value |
|---|---|
| year | 1984 |
| first | 5 Jan |
| last | 22 Dec |
| total | 129 |
| success | 128 |
| failed | 1 |
| maidens | Ariane 3 |
| Atlas G | |
| Long March 3 | |
| retired | M-3S |
| Titan 24B | |
| orbital | 8 |
| totalcrew | 37 |
| firsttrav | |
Atlas G Long March 3
Titan 24B
The following is an outline of 1984 in spaceflight.
Launches
January
|- |d-date = |d-time = |d-span = |o-span = Achieved: elliptical orbit |d-date = |d-time = |d-span = |o-span =
February
|- PAM failures led to Westar 6 and Palapa B2 being stranded in Low Earth orbit. The satellites were subsequently retrieved by Space Shuttle during mission STS-51-A in November and were returned to Earth for refurbishment. Westar 6 was sold to AsiaSat and renamed AsiaSat 1, and launched by a Chinese Long March 3 carrier rocket on 7 April 1990. Palapa B2 was renamed Palapa B2R and was launched by an American Delta II 6925-8 carrier rocket on 13 April 1990. |d-date=11 February |d-time=12:15 Actual: Low Earth |d-date=16 November |d-time=11:59 Actual: Low Earth |d-date=16 November |d-time=11:59 |d-date=11 February |d-time=12:15 |d-date=11 April |d-time=10:48 |d-date =26 December 1988 |d-time = |d-span = |o-span = |d-date=1 April |d-time=18:18
March
|-
April
|- |d-date=2 October |d-time=10:57 LDEF retrieved by Space Shuttle during mission STS-32 in January 1990. |d-date=13 April |d-time=13:38 |d-date=20 January 1990 |d-time=06:35 |d-date = |d-time = |d-span = |o-span = |d-date=7 May |d-time=00:32 |d-date=13 August
May
|- |d-date=26 May |d-time=15:00 |d-date=15 July |d-time=18:52
June
|- Upper stage malfunction left payload in a useless orbit Achieved: Low Earth |d-date=24 October |d-date=18 October
July
|- First crewed flight of Soyuz-U2 |d-date=29 July |d-time=12:55 |d-date = 26 July
August
|- |d-date = |d-time = |d-span = |o-span = Eutelsat 1F2 retired in 1993 |d-date=28 August |d-time=01:28 Maiden flight of Space Shuttle Discovery |d-date=5 September |d-time=15:37 Operational: Geosynchronous Operational: Geosynchronous Operational: Geosynchronous |d-date=5 September |d-time=15:37
September
|- |d-date =29 September |d-time = |d-span = |o-span =
October
|- Shuttle Imaging Radar-B (SIR-B) ERBS retired on 14 October 2005 |d-date = 13 October |d-time = 16:26 |d-date = 9 January 2023 |d-time = 04:04 |d-date = 13 October |d-time = 16:26 |d-date = 13 October |d-time = 16:26
November
|- Anik D2 retired on 31 January 1995 Retrieved Westar 6 and Palapa B2 satellites which were stranded in Low Earth orbit after PAM failures during deployment from Space Shuttle Challenger on mission STS-41-B in February. |d-date=16 November |d-time=11:59 Operational: Geosynchronous Operational: Geosynchronous |d-date = 21 November
December
|- |}
Suborbital launches
January-March
|-
April-June
|- |d-date = 9 April |d-date =10 June |d-time = |d-span = |o-span = |d-date =10 June |d-time = |d-span = |o-span =
July-September
|- (exact date unknown)|time = |d-date = September (exact date unknown) (exact date unknown)|time = |d-date = September (exact date unknown)
October-December
|- |}
Deep-space rendezvous
There were no deep-space rendezvous in 1984.
EVAs
| Start date/time | Duration | End time | Spacecraft | Crew | Remarks | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7 February | 5 hours | ||||||||
| 55 minutes | STS-41-B | ||||||||
| USABruce McCandless II | |||||||||
| USARobert L. Stewart | McCandless and Stewart rode on the Crewed Maneuvering Unit (MMUs) during the first untethered EVAs in history. Both astronauts practiced using tools and procedures for the planned capture and repair of the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) satellite to be performed in a subsequent flight. | ||||||||
| 9 February | 6 hours | ||||||||
| 17 minutes | STS-41-B | ||||||||
| Challenger | USABruce McCandless II | ||||||||
| USARobert L. Stewart | Continued testing the MMUs and practice with tools and procedures to be used with recovery and repair of the SMM satellite. | ||||||||
| 8 April | |||||||||
| 14:18 | 2 hours | ||||||||
| 38 minutes | 16:56 | STS-41-C | |||||||
| Challenger | USAGeorge Nelson | ||||||||
| USAJames van Hoften | Nelson rode the MMU to the SMM satellite. Van Hoften stood by in the payload bay to provide any needed assistance. After three unsuccessful attempts to capture the SMM with the Trunnion Pin Acquisition Device (TPAD) tool and one attempt to grab the satellite by hand, the spacewalkers returned to Challenger. The SMM was recovered the next day with the RMS. | ||||||||
| 11 April | |||||||||
| 08:58 | 6 hours | ||||||||
| 44 minutes | 15:42 | STS-41-C | |||||||
| Challenger | USAGeorge Nelson | ||||||||
| USAJames van Hoften | Completed repair of the SMM satellite and then continued testing of the MMU. | ||||||||
| 23 April | |||||||||
| 04:31 | 4 hours | ||||||||
| 20 minutes | 08:46 | Salyut 7 EO-3 | USSRLeonid Kizim | ||||||
| USSRVladimir Solovyov | Installed a new ladder to reach the ruptured Main Oxidizer Line on Salyut 7. First of five EVAs to conduct the repair. | ||||||||
| 26 April | |||||||||
| 02:40 | 4 hours | ||||||||
| 56 minutes | 07:40 | Salyut 7 EO-3 | USSRLeonid Kizim | ||||||
| USSRVladimir Solovyov | Removed installation and installed a valve in the spare oxidizer line. Second of five EVAs to repair the Main Oxidizer Line on the station. | ||||||||
| 29 April | |||||||||
| 01:35 | 2 hours | ||||||||
| 45 minutes | 04:20 | Salyut 7 EO-3 | USSRLeonid Kizim | ||||||
| USSRVladimir Solovyov | Installed a bypass line around the damaged section of the Main Oxidizer Line on the station. Third of five repair EVAs. | ||||||||
| 3 May | |||||||||
| 23:15 | 2 hours | ||||||||
| 45 minutes | 4 May | ||||||||
| 02:00 | Salyut 7 EO-3 | USSRLeonid Kizim | |||||||
| USSRVladimir Solovyov | Installed a second bypass line and replaced thermal insulation at the Main Oxidizer Line of the station. Fourth of five repair EVAs. | ||||||||
| 18 May | |||||||||
| 17:52 | 3 hours | ||||||||
| 5 minutes | 20:57 | Salyut 7 EO-3 | USSRLeonid Kizim | ||||||
| USSRVladimir Solovyov | Installed two new solar arrays onto the space station. | ||||||||
| 25 July | |||||||||
| 14:55 | 3 hours | ||||||||
| 35 minutes | 18:29 | Salyut 7 EP-4 | USSRVladimir Dzhanibekov | ||||||
| USSRSvetlana Savitskaya | Tested the URI multi-purpose tool with several metal samples. | ||||||||
| Savitskaya became the first women in history to perform an EVA. | |||||||||
| 8 August | |||||||||
| 08:46 | 5 hours | 13:46 | Salyut 7 EO-3 | USSRLeonid Kizim | |||||
| USSRVladimir Solovyov | Using a pneumatic press tool delivered by Soyuz T-12, the cosmonauts completed the fifth and final EVA to repair the damaged Main Oxidizer Line of the station by crimping the ends of the ruptured pipe. | ||||||||
| 11 October | |||||||||
| 15:38 | 3 hours | ||||||||
| 29 minutes | 19:05 | STS-41-G | |||||||
| Challenger | USADavid Leestma | ||||||||
| USAKathryn Sullivan | Demonstrated the use of the Orbital Refueling System, including the installation of an ORS valve maintenance kit. | ||||||||
| Sullivan was the first American women and the second women in history to conduct an EVA. | |||||||||
| 12 November | |||||||||
| 13:25 | 6 hours | 19:25 | STS-51-A | ||||||
| USAJoseph P. Allen | |||||||||
| USADale Gardner | url=http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle14.htm | title=Space Shuttle Flight 14 (STS-51A) | access-date=20 February 2009 | work=Space Shuttle Video Library | publisher=National Space Society | date=July 2008 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120717225813/http://www.nss.org/resources/library/shuttlevideos/shuttle14.htm | archive-date=17 July 2012 | url-status=dead }} |
| 14 November | |||||||||
| 11:09 | 5 hours | ||||||||
| 42 minutes | 16:51 | STS-51-A | |||||||
| Discovery | USAJoseph P. Allen | ||||||||
| USADale Gardner | Gardner rode the MMU to the Westar 6 satellite and retrieved it into the payload bay. Allen and Gardner then secured the satellite in the payload bay for return to Earth. |
References
Footnotes
References
- "Long March 3 {{!}} DFH-2 01".
- (1984-08-18). "Como fazer um projeto espacial e lucrar milhões de dólares".
- (6 January 2023). "Retired NASA Earth Radiation Budget Satellite Reenters Atmosphere". [[NASA]].
- Maria, Joaquim. (1984-12-08). "Com a subida do Sonda IV, o futuro está lançado".
- "The CNS North Korea Missile Test Database".
- Collins Jr., Michael A.. (March 1984). "STS 41B National Space Transportation System Program Mission Report". NASA.
- (2008). "Space Shuttle Flight 11 (STS-41C)". National Space Society.
- Collins, Michael. (May 1984). "STS-41C National Space Transportation System Program Mission Report". NASA.
- Collins Jr., Michael A.. (November 1984). "STS 41-G National Space Transportation System Program Mission Report". NASA.
- Wade, Mark. (2008). "Sullivan web page".
- (July 2008). "Space Shuttle Flight 14 (STS-51A)". National Space Society.
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