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1960 South Korean parliamentary election

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Field	Value
country	South Korea
flag_year	1949
election_date	29 June 1960
previous_election	1958 South Korean legislative election
previous_year	1958
next_election	1963 South Korean legislative election
next_year	1963
module	{{Infobox election
embed	yes
type	parliamentary
election_name	House of Representatives election
turnout	84.3% (3.5 pp)
seats_for_election	All 233 seats in the House of Representatives
majority_seats	117
image_size	130x130px
image1	John Myun.jpg
leader1	Chang Myon
party1	Democratic
last_election1	79 seats
seats1	175
seat_change1	96
popular_vote1	3,786,304
percentage1	41.71%
swing1	7.72pp
image2	서상일.jpg
leader2	Seo Sang-il
party2	Socialist Mass
last_election2
seats2	4
seat_change2	New
popular_vote2	541,021
percentage2	5.96%
swing2	New
image3	3x4.svg
leader3	Cho Gyeong-gyu
party3	Liberal Party (South Korea)
last_election3	126 seats
seats3	2
seat_change3	124
popular_vote3	249,960
percentage3	2.75%
swing3	39.32pp
map_image	Republic_of_Korea_legislative_election_1960_districts_result.png
map_caption	Results by constituency
title	Speaker
before_election	Kwak Sang-hoon
before_party	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1955)
after_election	Kwak Sang-hoon
after_party	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1955)
module	{{Infobox election
embed	yes
election_name	House of Councillors election
type	parliamentary
seats_for_election	All 58 seats in the House of Councillors
majority_seats	30
image1	John Myun.jpg
leader1	Chang Myon
party1	Democratic
seats1	31
popular_vote1	5,491,527
percentage1	51.41%
leader2	Cho Gyeong-gyu
party2	Liberal Party (South Korea)
seats2	4
popular_vote2	653,748
percentage2	6.12%

Parliamentary elections were held in South Korea on 29 June 1960. They were the first and only direct elections of the Second Republic and saw the first election of members of the new House of Councillors, together with the fifth election of members of the House of Representatives. They were also the first relatively free and fair national elections held in the country, but would be the last free elections until the 1987 presidential elections. Voter turnout was 84.3%.

The elections took place after President Rhee Syngman amended the constitution and won a third term in the uncontested March 1960 presidential election, which prompted the pro-democracy April Revolution and removed Rhee from power.

The Democratic Party, which had been the opposition party under former President Rhee, received the most votes (42%) in the House of Representatives election, winning 175 of 233 seats, while its 51% vote share in the House of Councillors elections saw it win 31 of the 58 seats. It was the first time that a liberal party won an election in South Korea, but the Democratic Party and its liberal successors would not win an election again until the 1997 presidential election and would not win a legislative election until 2004. Independent politicians received a significant portion of the vote, with 47% of the vote in the House of Representatives elections and 38% of the vote in the House of Councillors elections.

The government formed after the elections was overthrown within less than a year by Park Chung-hee in a coup on 16 May 1961. Park subsequently re-established the presidential system under a military government and served as president of South Korea from 1962 to 1979.

Electoral system

The members of the House of Representatives were elected via first-past-the-post voting. Members of the House of Councillors were elected via partial block voting in constituencies of between two and eight seats corresponding to the provinces and Seoul, where voters could cast ballots for up to half of the candidates running in their constituency.

Results

House of Representatives

By city/province

Region	Total
seats	Seats won	DP	SMP	LP	SP	UP	Other	Ind.	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1955)}}"	Socialist Mass Party}}"	Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	Korea Socialist Party (1960)}}"	Independent}}"	Seoul	16	Gyeonggi	25	Gangwon	20	North Chungcheong	13	South Chungcheong	22	North Jeolla	24	South Jeolla	32	North Gyeongsang	38	South Gyeongsang	40	Jeju	3	Total	233	175	4	2	1	1	1	49
15	0	0	0	0	0	1
14	0	0	0	0	0	11
12	1	1	0	0	0	6
9	0	0	0	0	1	3
18	0	0	0	0	0	4
18	1	0	0	0	0	5
29	0	0	0	1	0	2
28	1	0	0	0	0	9
31	1	1	0	0	0	7
1	0	0	1	0	0	1

House of Councillors

By city/province

Region	Total
seats	Seats won	DP	LP	SMP	SP	Other	Ind.	Democratic Party (South Korea, 1955)}}"	Liberal Party (South Korea)}}"	Socialist Mass Party}}"	Korea Socialist Party (1960)}}"	Independent}}"	Seoul	6	Gyeonggi	6	Gangwon	4	North Chungcheong	4	South Chungcheong	6	North Jeolla	6	South Jeolla	8	North Gyeongsang	8	South Gyeongsang	8	Jeju	2	Total	58	31	4	1	1	1	20
4	0	0	0	0	2
3	1	0	0	0	2
3	0	0	0	0	1
3	1	0	0	0	0
2	1	1	0	0	2
4	0	0	0	0	2
4	1	0	0	0	3
3	0	0	1	0	4
4	0	0	0	1	3
1	0	0	0	0	1

References

[[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II'', p420 {{ISBN. 0-19-924959-8

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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