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1960 Japanese general election

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Field	Value
country	Japan
flag_year	1870
type	parliamentary
previous_election	1958 Japanese general election	previous_year = 1958	election_date = 20 November 1960	next_election = 1963 Japanese general election	next_year = 1963
seats_for_election	All 467 seats in the House of Representatives
majority_seats	234
turnout	73.50% ( 3.48pp)
image1
leader1	Hayato Ikeda
party1	Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
last_election1	57.80%, 287 seats
seats1	296
seat_change1	9
popular_vote1	22,740,272
percentage1	57.56%
swing1	0.24pp
image2
leader2	Saburō Eda
(replacing Inejirō Asanuma †)
party2	Japan Socialist Party
last_election2	32.94%, 166 seats
seats2	145
seat_change2	21
popular_vote2	10,887,134
percentage2	27.56%
swing2	5.88pp
image4
leader4	Suehiro Nishio
party4	Democratic Socialist Party (Japan)
last_election4	Did not exist
seats4	17
seat_change4	New
popular_vote4	3,464,148
percentage4	8.77%
swing4	New
image5
leader5	Kenji Miyamoto
party5	Japanese Communist Party
last_election5	2.55%, 1 seat
seats5	3
seat_change5	2
popular_vote5	1,156,723
percentage5	2.93%
swing5	0.38pp
map_image	1960 JAPAN GENERAL ELECTION, combined vote share.svg
map_caption	Districts shaded according to winners' vote strength
title	Prime Minister
before_election	Hayato Ikeda	before_party = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)
after_election	Hayato Ikeda	after_party = Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)

(replacing Inejirō Asanuma †)

'General elections were held in Japan on 20 November 1960. The result was a victory for the Liberal Democratic Party, which won 296 of the 467 seats. Voter turnout was 73.5%, the lowest since the 1947 general elections.

Background

The elections came near the end of a turbulent year marked by violent labour disputes at Mitsui Miike Coal Mine, the "May 19th Incident" in which Nobusuke Kishi and LDP lawmakers in the Diet forced the revised US-Japan Security Treaty through parliament (causing an upsurge in the Anpo protests), and the assassination of Japan Socialist Party (JSP) leader Inejirō Asanuma by wakizashi-wielding right-wing youth named Otoya Yamaguchi. Prior to the elections there were a number of left-wing street protests and right-wing vigilante actions.

Campaign

As public antipathy was largely towards Kishi and his cabinet, rather than flagship LDP policies, the election was not a setback for the party. Kishi's successor, Hayato Ikeda, was popular for his moderate attitude and public image as a practical finance minister, and LDP candidates focused heavily on issues such as maintaining already-strong economic growth. Ikeda made a splash with his promise to double the national income in ten years, known as the "Income Doubling Plan," which also promised economic benefits such as tax cuts to small businesses, farmers, and consumers.

The LDP also benefitted from factionalism in the JSP, as the more moderate and anti-communist Democratic Socialist Party seceded from the JSP at the beginning of the year, leading to a spoiler effect.

Results

Although the LDP saw a small reduction in its vote share compared to the 1958 elections and the JSP and DSP collectively received around 1.3 million more votes than the united JSP did in the 1958 elections, the LDP gained nine seats, while the JSP and DSP lost a net four seats.

By prefecture

Prefecture	Total
seats	Seats won	LDP	JSP	DSP	JCP	Others	Ind.	Liberal Democratic Party (Japan)}};"	Japan Socialist Party}};"	Democratic Socialist Party (Japan)}};"	Japanese Communist Party}};"	Independent}};"	Aichi	19	Akita	8	Aomori	7	Chiba	13	Ehime	9	Fukui	4	Fukuoka	19	Fukushima	12	Gifu	9	Gunma	10	Hiroshima	12	Hokkaido	22	Hyōgo	18	Ibaraki	12	Ishikawa	6	Iwate	8	Kagawa	6	Kagoshima	11	Kanagawa	13	Kōchi	5	Kumamoto	10	Kyoto	10	Mie	9	Miyagi	9	Miyazaki	6	Nagano	13	Nagasaki	9	Nara	5	Niigata	15	Ōita	7	Okayama	10	Osaka	19	Saga	5	Saitama	13	Shiga	5	Shimane	5	Shizuoka	14	Tochigi	10	Tokushima	5	Tokyo	27	Tottori	4	Toyama	6	Wakayama	6	Yamagata	8	Yamaguchi	9	Yamanashi	5	Total	467	296	145	17	3	1	5
12	6	1
5	3
6	1
10	3
7	2
3	1
10	7	2
7	4	1
5	3				1
6	4
8	3	1
12	10
10	6	1			1
9	3
5	1
6	2
4	1				1
9	2
8	3	2
4	1
7	3
4	3	2	1
5	2	1			1
6	3
4	2
8	5
6	3
4	1
8	7
5	2
7	3
7	7	3	2
3	1			1
8	4	1
2	2				1
4	1
10	4
6	4
4	1
15	11	1
3	1
4	2
4	2
6	2
6	2	1
4	1

References

[[Dieter Nohlen]], Florian Grotz & Christof Hartmann (2001) ''Elections in Asia: A data handbook, Volume II'', p363 {{ISBN. 0-19-924959-8
Douglas H. Mendel, Jr.. (1961). "Behind the 1960 Japanese Diet Election". Asian Survey.

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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