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1924 United States Senate elections
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| Field | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| election_name | 1924 United States Senate elections | |
| country | United States | |
| flag_year | 1912 | |
| type | legislative | |
| ongoing | no | |
| previous_election | 1922 United States Senate elections | |
| previous_year | 1922 | |
| next_election | 1926 United States Senate elections | |
| next_year | 1926 | |
| seats_for_election | 32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate | |
| majority_seats | 49 | |
| election_date | November 4, 1924 | |
| previous_seat_election | 1918 United States Senate elections | |
| previous_seat_year | 1918 | |
| next_seat_election | 1930 United States Senate elections | |
| next_seat_year | 1930 | |
| seat_class | Class 2 | |
| image_size | 160x180px | |
| 1blank | Seats up | |
| 2blank | Seats won | |
| party1 | Republican Party (US) | |
| image1 | Henry Cabot Lodge c1916.jpg | |
| leader_since1 | March 4, 1919 | |
| leader1 | Henry Cabot Lodge | |
| (unofficial) | ||
| leaders_seat1 | Massachusetts | |
| seats_before1 | 51 | |
| seats_after1 | 55 | |
| seat_change1 | 4 | |
| 1data1 | 17 | |
| 2data1 | 21 | |
| party2 | Democratic Party (US) | |
| image2 | Joseph T. Robinson cropped.jpg | |
| leader2 | Joseph Robinson | |
| leader_since2 | December 3, 1923 | |
| leaders_seat2 | Arkansas | |
| seats_before2 | 43 | |
| seats_after2 | 40 | |
| seat_change2 | 3 | |
| 1data2 | 14 | |
| 2data2 | 11 | |
| party4 | Farmer–Labor Party (US) | |
| seats_before4 | 2 | |
| seats_after4 | 1 | |
| seat_change4 | 1 | |
| 1data4 | 1 | |
| 2data4 | 0 | |
| map_image | [[File:1924 United States Senate elections results map.svg | 350px]] |
| map_size | 320px | |
| map_caption | Results of the elections: | |
| title | Majority Leader | |
| before_election | Henry Cabot Lodge | |
| before_party | Republican Party (US) | |
| after_election | Charles Curtis | |
| after_party | Republican Party (US) |
(unofficial)
The 1924 United States Senate elections were elections for the United States Senate which coincided with the election of Republican President Calvin Coolidge to a full term. The 32 seats of Class 2 were contested in regular elections, and special elections were held to fill vacancies. The strong economy and Coolidge's popularity helped Republican candidates increase their majority by three. Republicans would gain another seat through mid-term vacancies, bringing their seat share to 56–39–1.
Gains, losses, and holds
Retirements
Three Republicans and two Democrats retired instead of seeking re-election.
| State | Senator | Replaced by | Colorado (special) | Connecticut | Oklahoma | Rhode Island | West Virginia |
|---|
Defeats
Four Democrats, four Republicans, and one Farmer-Labor candidate sought re-election but lost in the primary or general election.
| State | Senator | Replaced by | Delaware | Illinois | Kentucky | Massachusetts | Minnesota | New Mexico | South Carolina | South Dakota | Tennessee |
|---|
Post-election changes
| State | Senator | Replaced by | Iowa (class 2) | Iowa (class 3) | Indiana | Maine | Missouri | Wisconsin |
|---|
Change in composition
Before the elections
At the beginning of 1924.
| R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
|---|
Election results
| R | R | R | R | R | R | R | R |
|---|
| R | Republican |
|---|
|}
Race summaries
Special elections during the 68th Congress
In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1924 or before March 4, 1925; ordered by election date.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | Senator | Party | Electoral history | Colorado | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (Class 3) | Michigan | ||||||||||||
| (Class 2) | Rhode Island | ||||||||||||
| (Class 2) | Connecticut | ||||||||||||
| (Class 3) | |||||||||||||
| Alva B. Adams | Democratic | 1923 (appointed) | Interim appointee retired to run for the Class 2 seat, see below. | ||||||||||
| New senator elected November 4, 1924. | |||||||||||||
| Republican gain. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||
| James Couzens | Republican | 1922 (appointed) | Interim appointee elected November 4, 1924. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Frank E. Titus (Prohibition) 0.7% | Logan M. Cunningham (Socialist Labor) 0.3% | Albert L. Day (Socialist) 0.1% | |||||
| LeBaron B. Colt | Republican | 1913 | |||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent died August 18, 1924. | ||||||||||||
| New senator elected November 4, 1924. | |||||||||||||
| Republican hold. | |||||||||||||
| Winner was also elected to the next term; see below. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | James P. Reid (Workers) 0.6% | Edward M. Sullivan (Liberal Independent) 0.4% | |||||||||
| Frank B. Brandegee | Republican | 1905 (special) | |||||||||||
| 1909 | |||||||||||||
| 1914 | |||||||||||||
| 1920 | Incumbent died October 14, 1924. | ||||||||||||
| New senator elected December 16, 1924. | |||||||||||||
| Republican hold. | nowrap | {{Plainlist |
Elections leading to the 69th Congress
In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1925; ordered by state.
All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.
| State | Incumbent | Results | Candidates | Senator | Party | Electoral history | Alabama | Arkansas | Colorado | Delaware | Georgia | Idaho | Illinois | Iowa | Kansas | Kentucky | Louisiana | Maine | Massachusetts | Michigan | Minnesota | Mississippi | Montana | Nebraska | New Hampshire | New Jersey | New Mexico | North Carolina | Oklahoma | Oregon | Rhode Island | South Carolina | South Dakota | Tennessee | Texas | Virginia | West Virginia | Wyoming | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| J. Tom Heflin | Democratic | 1920 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Joseph T. Robinson | Democratic | 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lawrence C. Phipps | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Elwood Hillis (Independent) 0.5% | James Albert Ayres (Independent) 0.4% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| L. Heisler Ball | Republican | 1903 (special) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1906 (lost) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent lost renomination. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican hold. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William J. Harris | Democratic | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| William Borah | Republican | 1907 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Medill McCormick | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent lost renomination. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican hold. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Incumbent then died and winner was appointed to finish the current term. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | George Koop (Socialist) 0.8% | Albert Wirth (Socialist Labor) 0.1% | J. Louis Engdahl (Workers) 0.1% | Lewis D. Spaulding (Socialist) 0.0% | Parke Longworth (Independent) 0.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Smith W. Brookhart | Republican | 1922 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Election was later successfully challenged after the new senator had been seated. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Luther Brewer (Ind. Republican) 0.1% | L. E. Eickelberg (Independent) 0.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Arthur Capper | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Augustus O. Stanley | Democratic | 1918 | Incumbent lost re-election. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican gain. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Joseph E. Ransdell | Democratic | 1912 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Bert M. Fernald | Republican | 1916 (special) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| David I. Walsh | Democratic | 1918 | Incumbent lost re-election. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican gain. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| James Couzens | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Frank E. Titus (Prohibition) 0.7% | Logan M. Cunningham (Socialist Labor) 0.3% | Albert L. Day (Socialist) 0.1% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Magnus Johnson | Farmer–Labor | 1923 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican gain. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Merle Birmingham (Beer-Wine) 1.0% | Thomas Keefe (Independent) 0.6% | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Pat Harrison | Democratic | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thomas J. Walsh | Democratic | 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Charles F. Juttner (Socialist) 0.3% | Sam W. Teagarden (Independent) 0.2% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| George W. Norris | Republican | 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Henry W. Keyes | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Walter E. Edge | Republican | 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Grafton E. Day (Prohibition) 0.4% | Rudolf Vollgraf (Workers) 0.1% | John C. Butterworth (Socialist Labor) 0.1% | Herman G. Loew (Commonwealth Land) 0.0% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Holm O. Bursum | Republican | 1921 (appointed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1921 (special) | Incumbent lost re-election. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Democratic gain. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| F. M. Simmons | Democratic | 1901 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1907 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Robert L. Owen | Democratic | 1907 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent retired. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican gain. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Charles L. McNary | Republican | 1917 (appointed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 (not elected) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 (appointed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| LeBaron B. Colt | Republican | 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent died August 18, 1924. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| New senator elected. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican hold. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Winner was also elected to finish the current term; see above. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Edward M. Sullivan (Liberal Independent) 0.2% | James P. Reid (Workers) 0.2% | Peter McDermott (Socialist Labor) 0.1% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nathaniel B. Dial | Democratic | 1918 | Incumbent lost renomination. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Democratic hold. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Thomas Sterling | Republican | 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent lost renomination. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican hold. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | Charles Hall Dillon (Independent) 2.0% | [FNU] Loucks (Independent) 0.7% | Don Livingston (Independent) 0.6% | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| John K. Shields | Democratic | 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent lost renomination. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Democratic hold. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Morris Sheppard | Democratic | 1913 (special) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Carter Glass | Democratic | 1920 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1920 (special) | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Davis Elkins | Republican | 1911 (appointed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1911 (retired) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent retired. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Republican hold. | nowrap | {{Plainlist | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Francis E. Warren | Republican | 1895 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1901 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1907 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1913 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1918 | Incumbent re-elected. | nowrap | {{Plainlist |
Closest races
Eight races had a margin of victory under 10%:
| State | Party of winner | Margin | Iowa | Minnesota | Massachusetts | New Mexico | Kentucky | West Virginia | Colorado (regular) | Colorado (special) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | 0.1% | |||||||||
| Republican (flip) | 1.0% | |||||||||
| Republican (flip) | 1.7% | |||||||||
| Democratic (flip) | 2.5% | |||||||||
| Republican (flip) | 3.12% | |||||||||
| Republican | 3.2% | |||||||||
| Republican | 6.3% | |||||||||
| Republican (flip) | 6.5% |
The tipping point state was Wyoming, with a margin of 10.4%.
Alabama
Heflin:
Lathrop:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Alabama
Arkansas
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Arkansas
Robinson:
Cole:
Colorado
Colorado (special)
Means:
Shafroth:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate special election in Colorado
Colorado (regular)
Phipps:
Adams:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Colorado
Connecticut (special)
|County results
|220px
|Municipality results}}
Holt:
Tie:
Delaware
Georgia
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Georgia
Idaho
Borah:
Illinois
Deneen:
Sprague:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Illinois
Iowa
|[[File:1924 United States Senate election in Iowa results map by county.svg|230px]]|Results by county |[[File:1924 United States Senate election in Iowa by Congressional District.svg|220px]]|Results by congressional district}} Steck:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Iowa
Democrat Daniel F. Steck successfully challenged the election, and the Senate awarded Steck the seat on April 12, 1926.
Kansas
Capper:
Davis:
Kentucky
Sackett:
Stanley:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Fernald:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Maine
Massachusetts
|[[File:1924 United States Senate election in Massachusetts results map by county.svg|300px]]
|County results
|[[File:1924 United States Senate Election in Massachusetts by Municipality.svg|300px|]]
|Municipality results
Walsh:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Massachusetts
Michigan
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Michigan
Michigan (special)
Michigan (regular)
Couzens:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Michigan
Minnesota
Schall:
Johnson:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Minnesota
Mississippi
Montana
Walsh:
Linderman:
Anderson:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Montana
Incumbent Democrat Thomas J. Walsh, who was first elected to the Senate in 1912 by the state legislature (as was the practice then), and re-elected in 1918 by popular vote (in accordance with the 17th Amendment), ran for re-election. He was unopposed in the Democratic primary.
He faced former State Representative Frank Bird Linderman and several other opponents in the general election. Walsh ultimately won re-election to his third term by a solid margin.
Nebraska
Norris:
Thomas:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Nebraska
New Hampshire
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in New Hampshire
Keyes:
New Jersey
Edge:
Donnelly:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in New Jersey
New Mexico
Bratton:
Bursum:
North Carolina
Simmons:
Whitener:
Oklahoma
Pine:
Walton:
Oregon
McNary:
Rhode Island
Rhode Island (special)
Rhode Island (regular)
South Carolina
Blease:
Byrnes:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in South Carolina
South Dakota
McMaster:
Cherry:
Ayres:
No vote:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in South Dakota
Tennessee
Lindsay:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Tennessee
Texas
Sheppard:
Kennerly:
No vote:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Texas
Virginia
Glass:
Doak:
Main article: 1924 United States Senate election in Virginia
West Virginia
Goff:
Chilton:
Wyoming
Warren:
Rose:
No data/vote:
Notes
References
References
- "Our Campaigns - MI US Senate Race - Nov 04, 1924".
- This is the only time a Senate election has been overturned after a candidate had already been seated.{{citation needed. (April 2017)
- "Statistics of the Congressional Election of November 4, 1924". Clerk.house.gov.
- (1925). "Georgia's Official Register, 1925". State of Georgia, Department of Archives and History.
- Heard, Alexander. (1950). "Southern Primaries and Elections 1920-1949". University of Alabama Press.
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