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12 cm/45 3rd Year Type naval gun

Naval and coastal defense gun

Field	Value
name	Type 3 120 mm 45 caliber naval gun
image	120 mm bow gun on IJN Yunagi1936.jpg
image_size	300
caption	Bow gun on , September 1936
origin	Japan
type	Naval gun
Coast defense gun
is_artillery	yes
is_ranged	yes
service	1919–1945
used_by
wars	World War II
design_date	1895
variants	Type 11
weight	3240 kg
part_length	5.4 m bore
cartridge	120 x 550 mm.R.
Separate loading cased charges and projectile
cartridge_weight	20.3 kg
caliber	120 mm
action	Manual
rate	5–6 rpm
velocity	825 m/s
range	16 km at 33°
breech	Single motion interrupted screw Welin breech block
recoil	Hydro-pneumatic
elevation	-7° – +33°
traverse	+120°- 120°

Coast defense gun Separate loading cased charges and projectile

12 cm/45 3rd Year Type naval gun was a Japanese naval gun and coast defense gun used on destroyers, and torpedo boats of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II.

Design and development

The 12 cm/45 gun designed in 1895 was an indigenous variant of an Elswick Ordnance Company export design known as the Pattern Y. The Japanese designation was the "Type 41". Later in 1921 the 12 cm/45 gun was used as the basis for a high-angle anti-aircraft gun, designated the 12 cm/45 10th Year Type. The "Third Year Type" refers to the Welin breech block used and this should not be confused with the later Type 3 12 cm AA Gun developed by the Imperial Japanese Army in 1943. In the Japanese Army artillery naming system, "Type 3" refers to the year of introduction, rather than the type of breech block used. When used in naval applications, it was mounted in a shielded barbette, as shown.

A redesign in 1922 called the 12 cm 11th Year Type naval gun (Model 1922) with a shorter gun barrel and a horizontal sliding breech-block was used on submarines and torpedo boats. The 12 cm/45 was manually loaded and fired a 20.3 kg high-explosive, an illumination shell or after 1943 an anti-submarine shell.

In addition to its shipboard role it was widely deployed as a coastal defense gun for Japanese bases in the Pacific and was one of the more common types found by Allied forces.

Naval Use

Chidori-class torpedo boat
Etorofu-class escort ship
Hashidate-class gunboat
Kamikaze-class destroyer
Kawakaze-class destroyer
Minekaze-class destroyer
Momi-class destroyer
Mutsuki-class destroyer
Shimushu-class escort ship
Tsukushi-class survey ship
Wakatake-class destroyer

Gallery

File:12_cm45_3rd_Year_Type_naval_gun.jpg|3rd Year Type guns used in a coastal defense role. File:12 cm Type 3 naval gun.jpg File:Breechloading_guns_at_Fort_Siloso_Flickr_8297698562.jpg|Two Japanese guns at Fort Siloso - Sentosa Island, Singapore.

References

Bibliography

Bishop, Chris (eds) The Encyclopedia of Weapons of World War II. Barnes & Nobel. 1998.
Chant, Chris. Artillery of World War II, Zenith Press, 2001,

References

"110 to 149mm Ammo".
"Japan 12 cm/45 10th Year Type Official Designation: 45 caliber 10th Year Type 12 cm".
(1945). "Japanese artillery weapons.".

Info: Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

naval-guns-of-japan 120-mm-artillery

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