119th Infantry Division (German Empire)

Combat chronicle

The 119th Infantry Division initially fought on the Eastern Front in World War I, entering the line in April as part of "Combined Corps Kneussl" (Kombiniertes Korps Kneussl) and then fighting in the battle of Gorlice-Tarnów and the ensuing Gorlice-Tarnów Offensive. In August 1915, it participated in the attack on Brest-Litovsk. From September 1915 to March 1916, the division occupied the line between the Servech and Shchara Rivers, near Baranovichi. It remained in the line in Russia until May 1917, when it was transferred to the Western Front, where it was initially stationed on the Belgian/Dutch border. It went into the line in Flanders in May and fought in the Battle of Messines and the Battle of Passchendaele. It was removed from the line to rest in October and returned to line to face the Allied attack in the Battle of Cambrai. In 1918, the division participated in the German spring offensive, fighting in the First Battle of the Somme (1918), also known as the Second Battle of the Somme (to distinguish it from the 1916 battle), and the Battle of the Lys, also known as the Fourth Battle of Ypres. It later fought in the Second Battle of the Somme (1918), also known as the Third Battle of the Somme. It remained in the line until the end of the war. Allied intelligence rated the division as second class.

Order of battle on formation

The 119th Infantry Division was formed as a triangular division. The order of battle of the division on March 25, 1915, was as follows:

• 237. Infanterie-Brigade
  • Infanterie-Regiment Graf Kirchbach (1. Niederschlesisches) Nr. 46
  • 3. Posensches Infanterie-Regiment Nr.58
  • Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 46
• 3.Eskadron/Ulanen-Regiment Kaiser Alexander III von Rußland (Westpreußisches ) Nr. 1
• 4.Eskadron/Regiment Königs-Jäger zu Pferde Nr. 1
• Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 237
• Fußartillerie-Batterie Nr. 119
• Pionier-Kompanie Nr. 237

Late-war order of battle

The division underwent relatively few organizational changes over the course of the war. Cavalry was reduced, artillery and signals commands were formed, and combat engineer support was expanded to a full pioneer battalion. The order of battle on March 10, 1918, was as follows:

• 237.Infanterie-Brigade
  • Infanterie-Regiment Graf Kirchbach (1. Niederschlesisches) Nr. 46
  • 3. Posensches Infanterie-Regiment Nr.58
  • Reserve-Infanterie-Regiment Nr. 46
  • Maschinengewehr-Scharfschützen-Abteilung Nr. 15
• 4.Eskadron/Regiment Königs-Jäger zu Pferde Nr. 1
• Artillerie-Kommandeur 119
  • Feldartillerie-Regiment Nr. 237
  • I.Bataillon/Fußartillerie-Regiment Nr. 27
• Pionier-Bataillon Nr. 119
  • Pionier-Kompanie Nr. 237
  • Pionier-Kompanie Nr. 273
  • Minenwerfer-Kompanie Nr. 119
• Divisions-Nachrichten-Kommandeur 119

References

• 119. Infanterie-Division (Chronik 1915/1918) - Der erste Weltkrieg
• Hermann Cron et al., Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee (Berlin, 1935)
• Hermann Cron, Geschichte des deutschen Heeres im Weltkriege 1914-1918 (Berlin, 1937)
• Günter Wegner, Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1825-1939. (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1
• Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919 (1920)

Notes

References

1. [http://www.1914-18.info/erster-weltkrieg.php?u=210 119. Infanterie-Division (Chronik 1915/1918)]
2. ''Histories of Two Hundred and Fifty-One Divisions of the German Army which Participated in the War (1914-1918), compiled from records of Intelligence section of the General Staff, American Expeditionary Forces, at General Headquarters, Chaumont, France 1919'' (1920), pp. 612-615.
3. Hermann Cron et al., ''Ruhmeshalle unserer alten Armee'' (Berlin, 1935).
4. Cron et al., ''Ruhmeshalle''.