United Provinces (1937–1950)

History

It came into existence on 1 April 1937 as a result of the shortening of the name of the "United Provinces of Agra and Oudh". It corresponded approximately to the combined regions of the present-day Indian states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand.

Provincial autonomy

The Government of India Act 1935 enlarged the elected provincial legislature and expanded provincial autonomy vis-a-vis the central government.

In the elections held in 1937, the Indian National Congress won the majority seats, but declined to form a government. Therefore, on 1 April 1937, the Nawab of Chhatari, the leader of the National Agriculturist Parties, was invited to form a minority provisional government.

The Congress reversed its decision and resolved to accept office in July 1937. Therefore, the Governor Sir Harry Graham Haig invited Govind Ballabh Pant to form the government.

In 1939, all of the Congress ministries in British Indian provinces resigned and the United Provinces were placed under the Governor's rule. In 1945, the British Labour government ordered new elections to the Provincial legislatures. The Congress won a majority in the 1946 elections in the United Provinces and Pant was again the Premier, continuing even after India's independence in 1947.

Post-independence

Following independence in 1947, the princely states of Rampur, Banares and Tehri-Garwal were merged into the United Provinces. On 24 January 1950, this unit was renamed as Uttar Pradesh. In 2000, the separate state of Uttaranchal, now known as Uttarakhand, was carved out of Uttar Pradesh.

References

References

1. "Provinces of British India".
2. (19 April 1937). "PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENTS (MINISTERS). (Hansard, 19 April 1937)".
3. "AFTERMATH OF THE ELECTIONS". Shodganga.
4. (1939). "Indian Information Series, Volumes 4-5".
5. (24 January 2018). "UP Diwas: The interesting story on how United Province became Uttar Pradesh".