Schur's property

Motivation

When we are working in a normed space X and we have a sequence (x_{n}) that converges weakly to x, then a natural question arises. Does the sequence converge in perhaps a more desirable manner? If so, does the sequence converge to x in norm? A canonical example of this property, and commonly used to illustrate the Schur property, is the \ell_1 sequence space.

Definition

Suppose that we have a normed space (X, |\cdot|), x an arbitrary member of X, and (x_{n}) an arbitrary sequence in the space. We say that X has Schur's property if (x_{n}) converging weakly to x implies that \lim_{n\to\infty} \Vert x_n - x\Vert = 0 . In other words, the weak and strong topologies share the same convergent sequences. Note however that weak and strong topologies are always distinct in infinite-dimensional space.

Examples

The space ℓ1 of sequences whose series is absolutely convergent has the Schur property.

Name

This property was named after the early 20th century mathematician Issai Schur who showed that ℓ1 had the above property in his 1921 paper.

Notes

References

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References

1. J. Schur, "Über lineare Transformationen in der Theorie der unendlichen Reihen", '' Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik'', '''151''' (1921) pp. 79-111