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Republic of Užice

Short-lived liberated territory in World War II

Field	Value
conventional_long_name	Republic of Užice
native_name	Užička republika
Ужичка република
common_name	Užice
image_flag	Flag of Serbia (1943-1946, 3-2).svg
flag_caption	Flag used by the Užice Partisan Detachment
national_anthem	None official
image_map	Ustanak u Srbiji (Užička republika), jesen 1941.jpg
image_map_caption	Liberated and partially liberated territories in Axis-occupied Yugoslavia on 29 August 1941, marked in red
capital	Užice
common_languages	Serbo-Croatian
title_leader	Chairman
leader1	Dragojlo Dudić
title_deputy	General Secretary
deputy1	Josip Broz Tito
legislature	Main National Liberation Committee for Serbia
era	World War II
event_pre	Partisan arrival in Užice
date_pre	28 July 1941
event_start	Battle of Drežnik
date_start	18 August
year_start	1941
event1	German ultimatum
date_event1	10 September 1941
event2	Fall of Užice
date_event2	24 September 1941
event3	Battle of Kadinjača
date_event3	29 November 1941
event_end	Conquered
date_end	1 December
today	Serbia
year_end	1941
life_span	1941
p1	Territory of the Military Commander in SerbiaGerman-occupied Serbia
flag_p1	Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg
s1	Territory of the Military Commander in SerbiaGerman-occupied Serbia
flag_s1	Flag of the German Reich (1935–1945).svg
footnote_a	There was no officially adopted anthem. * was a popular song on liberated territories around Užice, and was considered the unofficial anthem of this short-lived state. Himna Užičkoj Republici* ("Anthem to the Republic of Užice") was created after the war.
footnote_b	Chairman of the Main Peoples Council of Serbia.
footnote_c	General Secretary of the Communist Party of Yugoslavia and Commander in Chief of the Partisans.

Note

the short-lived territory in western Serbia

Ужичка република

Monument to fallen partisans in battle on Kadinjača Hill.

The Republic of Užice or the Užice Republic () was a short-lived liberated Yugoslav territory and the first liberated territory in World War II Europe, organized as a military mini-state that existed in the autumn of 1941 in occupied Yugoslavia, more specifically the western part of the Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia. The Republic was established by the Partisan resistance movement and its administrative center was in the town of Užice.

Borders

The Republic of Užice comprised a large portion of western part of the occupied territory and had a population of more than 300,000 (according to another source, nearly one million). It was located between the Valjevo–Bajina Bašta line in the north, the river Drina on the west, the river Zapadna Morava in the east, and the Raška region to the south.

Different sources provide differing information about the size of the republic: according to some sources, it included 15,000 or 20,000 square kilometres.

History

The government was made of "people's councils" (odbori), and the partisans opened schools and published a newspaper, Borba (meaning "Fight"). They even managed to run a postal system and around 145 km of railway and operated an ammunition factory from the vaults beneath the bank in Užice.

In November 1941, in the First anti-Partisan offensive, the German troops occupied this territory again, while the majority of Partisan forces escaped towards Bosnia, Sandžak and Montenegro, re-grouping at Foča in Bosnia.

End

Main article: Chetnik attack on the Užice Republic

The leftist policy then pursued by Josip Broz Tito (known later as the leftist errors) substantially contributed to the defeat of the partisans in the Republic of Užice. Because of the pro-fascist Serbian propaganda which described the partisans as being led by foreigners, the population of Serbia turned against the uprising and against the partisan insurgents. At the beginning of December 1941 the partisans moved from Serbia to Bosnia (nominally part of the NDH) and joined their comrades who had already left Montenegro.

In popular culture

The 1974 Yugoslav partisan feature film The Republic of Užice covers the events surrounding the existence of the Republic of Užice.

Notes

References

Bibliography

References

[[#Hehn_1971. Hehn (1971)]], pp. 344–73
[[#Pavlowitch_2002. Pavlowitch (2002)]], p. 141
(2010-06-11). "Republic of Užice: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, Yugoslav Partisans, Užice, Bajina Bašta, Great Morava, Sandžak".
(1985-01-01). "Report on World Affairs". RWA.
(1985-01-01). "The Resistance movement in Europe during the Second World War: 16th International Congress of Historical Sciences, Stuttgart, August 1985". "Social Sciences Today" Editorial Board, USSR Academy of Sciences.
[[Misha Glenny]], ''The Balkans'', 1999, p. 487
"Užice Republic 1941.".
Petrović, Nenad. (2009-02-09). "Politička Propaganda u Okupiranoj Srbiji: Milan Nedić, Velibor Jonić i Dimitrije Ljotić".

Info: Wikipedia Source

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