Google Arts & Culture

Features (first version)

Virtual Gallery Tour

: Through the Virtual Gallery Tour (also known as Gallery View) users can virtually 'walk through' the galleries of each partner cultural organization, using the same controls as Google Street View or by clicking on the gallery's floorplan.

Artwork View

: From the Gallery View (also known as Microscope View), users can zoom in on a particular artwork to view the picture in greater detail. As of April 2012, over 32,000 high-quality images were available. The Microscope view provides a dynamic image of an artwork and scholarly and contextual information to enhance their understanding of the work. When examining an artwork, users could also access information on the item's physical characteristics (e.g. size, material(s), artist). Additional options were Viewing Notes, History of the Artwork, and Artist Information, which users can easily access from the microscope view interface. Each cultural organization was allowed to include as much material as they wanted to contribute, so the level of information varied.

Create an Artwork Collection

: Users can compile any number of images from the partner organizations and save specific views of artworks to create a personalized virtual exhibition. Using Google's link abbreviator (Goo.gl), users could share their artwork collection with others through social media and conventional online communication mechanisms. This feature was so successful upon the platform's launch that Google had to dedicate additional servers to support it.

Features (second version)

Explore and Discover

: In the second launch of the platform, Google updated the platform's search capabilities so that users could more easily and intuitively find artworks. Users could find art by filtering their search with several categories, including artist, museum, type of work, date and country. The search results were displayed in a slideshow format. This new function enabled site users to more easily search across numerous collections.

Video and Audio Content

: Several partner cultural organizations opted to include guided tours or welcome videos of their galleries. This provided users the option to virtually walk through a museum and listen to an audio guide for certain artworks, or to follow a video tour that guided them through a gallery. For example, Michelle Obama filmed a welcome video for the White House gallery page, and Israel's Holocaust Museum Yad Vashem launched a YouTube channel with 400 hours of original video footage from the trial of Adolf Eichmann which users could access through the museum's Arts & Culture exhibits. There is a project created by David Li featuring a bird playing cello. Users can control the bird's cello bow with their computer mouse. Several classical compositions are available to play in sync with visual cues and accompaniment strings.

Education

: Google Arts & Culture includes several educational tools and resources for teachers and students, such as educational videos, art history timelines, art toolkits, and comparative teaching resources. Two features, called "Look Like an Expert" and "DIY", provide activities similar to those often found in art galleries. For example, one quiz asks site visitors to match a painting to a particular style; another asks visitors to find a symbol within a specified painting that represents a provided story.

Art Selfie

: Google Arts & Culture allows people to find their fine art likeness by snapping a selfie. The app matches the user's face to old art museum portraits from Google's database. The app topped the download charts in January 2018. The feature was initially created by Cyril Diagne.

Development

The platform emerged as a result of Google's "20-percent time" policy, by which employees were encouraged to spend 20% of their time working on an innovative project of interest. A small team of employees created the concept for the platform after a discussion on how to use the firm's technology to make museum' artwork more accessible. The platform concept fit the firm's mission "to organize the world's information and make it universally accessible and useful." Accordingly, in mid-2009, Google executives agreed to support the project, and they engaged online curators of numerous museums to commit to the initiative.

The platform was launched on February 1, 2011, by the Google Cultural Institute with contributions from international museums, including the Tate Gallery, London, the Metropolitan Museum of Art. New York City; and the Uffizi, Florence. On April 3, 2012, Google announced a major expansion, with more than 34,000 artworks from 151 museums and arts organizations from 40 countries, including the Art Gallery of Ontario, the White House, the Australian Rock Art Gallery at Griffith University, the Museum of Islamic Art, Doha, and the Hong Kong Museum of Art.

Technology used

The team leveraged existing technologies, including Google Street View and Picasa, and built new tools specifically for the platform.

They created an indoor-version of the camera system to capture gallery images by pushing the camera 'trolley' through a museum. It also used professional panoramic heads Clauss RODEON VR Head Hd And Clauss VR Head ST to take high-resolution photos of the artworks within a gallery. This technology allowed excellent attention to detail and the highest image resolution. Each partner museum selected one artwork to be captured at ultra-high resolution with approximately 1,000 times more detail than the average digital camera. The largest image, Alexander Andreyevich Ivanov's The Apparition of Christ to the People, is over 12 gigapixels. To maximize image quality, the team coordinated with partner museums' lighting technicians and photography teams. For example, at Tate Britain, they collaborated to capture a gigapixel image of No Woman No Cry in both natural light and in the dark. Tate suggested this method to capture the painting's hidden phosphorescent image, which glows in the dark. The Google camera team had to adapt their method and keep the camera shutter open for 8 seconds in the dark to capture a distinct enough image. Now, unlike at Tate, from the site, one can view the painting in both light settings.

Once the images were captured, the team used Google Street View software and GPS data to seamlessly stitch the images and connect them to museum floor plans. Each image was mapped according to longitude and latitude, so that users can seamlessly transition to it from Google Maps, looking inside the partner museums' galleries. Street View was also integrated with Picasa, for a seamless transition from gallery view to microscope view.

The user interface lets site visitors virtually 'walk through' galleries with Google Street View, and look at artworks with Picasa, which provides the microscope view to zoom in to images for greater detail than is visible to the naked eye. Additionally, the microscope view of artworks incorporates other resources—including Google Scholar, Google Docs and YouTube—so users can link to external content to learn more about the work. Finally, the platform incorporates Google's URL compacter (Goo.gl), so that users can save and easily share their personal collections.

The resulting platform is a Java-based Google App Engine Web application, which exists on Google's infrastructure.

Technology limitations

Luc Vincent, director of engineering at Google and head of the team responsible for Street View for the platform, expressed concern over the quality of panorama cameras his team used to capture gallery and artwork images. In particular, he believes that improved aperture control would enable more consistent quality of gallery images.

Some artworks were particularly difficult to capture and re-present accurately as virtual, two-dimensional images. For example, Google described the inclusion of Hans Holbein the Younger's The Ambassadors as "tough". This was due to the anamorphic techniques distorting the image of a skull in the foreground of the painting. When looking at the original painting at the National Gallery in London, the depiction of the skull appears distorted until the viewer physically steps to the side of the painting. Once the viewer is looking at the shape from the intended vantage point, the lifelike depiction of the skull materializes. The effect is still apparent in the gigapixel version of the painting but was less pronounced in the "walk-through" function.

As New York Times art reviewer Roberta Smith said: "[Google Arts & Culture] is very much a work in progress, full of bugs and information gaps, and sometimes blurry, careering virtual tours." Though the second-generation platform solved some technological issues, the firm plans to continue developing additional enhancements for the site. Future improvements currently under consideration include: upgrading panorama cameras, more detailed web metrics, and improved searchability through meta-tagging and user-generated meta-tagging. The firm is also considering the addition of an experimental page to the platform, to highlight emerging technologies that artists are using to showcase their works.

Institutions and works

Seventeen partner museums were included in the launch of the project. The original 1,061 high-resolution images (by 486 different artists) are shown in 385 virtual gallery rooms, with 6,000 Street View–style panoramas.

List of the initial 17 partner museums

Below is a list of the original seventeen partner museums at the time of the platform's launch. All images shown are actual images from Google Arts & Culture:

On April 3, 2012, Google announced the expansion of the platform to include 151 cultural organizations, with new partners contributing a gigapixel image of one of their works.

Partial list of Google Cultural Institute partners

The museum image redirects to the museum's official page on the Google Arts & Culture platform, the Google Street View logo indicates that the museum has an adapted version of Street View

Influences

The Google Art Project was a development of the virtual museum projects of the 1990s and 2000s, following the first appearance of online exhibitions with high-resolution images of artworks in 1995. In the late 1980s, art museum personnel began to consider how they could exploit the internet to achieve their institutions' missions through online platforms. For example, in 1994 Elizabeth Broun, Director of the Smithsonian American Art Museum, spoke to the Smithsonian Commission on the future of art, stating: "We need to put our institutional energy behind the idea of getting the Smithsonian hooked up to the people and schools of America." She then outlined the museum's objective to conserve, protect, present, and interpret exhibits, explaining how electronic media could help achieve these goals. The expansion of internet programs and resources has shaped the development of the platform.

Copyright issues

Google Books affected the development of the platform from a non-technological perspective. Google faced a six-year-long court case relating to several issues with copyright infringement. Google Books cataloged full digital copies of texts, including those still protected by copyright, though Google claimed it was permissible under the fair use clause. Google ended up paying $125 million to copyright-holders of the protected books, though the settlement agreement was modified and debated several times before it was ultimately rejected by federal courts. In his decision, Judge Denny Chin stated the settlement agreement would "give Google a significant advantage over competitors, rewarding it for engaging in wholesale copying of copyrighted works without permission," and could lead to antitrust issues. Judge Chin said in future open-access initiatives, Google should use an "opt-in" method, rather than providing copyright owners the option to "opt-out" of an arrangement.

After this controversy, Google took a different approach to intellectual property rights for the Google Arts & Culture. The platform's intellectual property policy is: :The high-resolution imagery of artworks featured on the platform site is owned by the museums, and these images may be subject to copyright laws around the world. The Street View imagery is owned by Google. All of the imagery on this site is provided for the sole purpose of enabling you to use and enjoy the benefit of the platform site, in the manner permitted by Google's Terms of Service. The normal Google Terms of Service apply to your use of the entire site.

The partner museum staff were able now to ask Google to blur out the images of certain works, which are still protected by copyrights. In a few cases, museums wanted to include artworks by modern and contemporary artists, many of whom still hold the copyright to their works. For example, Tate Britain approached Chris Ofili to get his permission to capture and reproduce his works on the platform. But the Toledo Museum of Art asked Google to remove 21 artworks from the website, including works by Henri Matisse and other modern artists.

Praise

• Increases access to art. So long as one has internet access, anyone, anywhere, at any time can visit the Google Arts & Culture, enabling audiences who otherwise would be unlikely to visit these museums to see their works. "Armchair tourists" are now able to tour some of the world's greatest art exhibits without leaving their seats. Professors and students can go on virtual field trips without the usual associated costs, and have a remote conversation with an expert from a museum or other institution.
• Better visitor experience. Users can avoid constraints of time, money and physical difficulty. They need not plan a restrictive one-time visit to a collection, or arrive to find out work is not on view. They are not bothered by other visitors.
• Triggers new visitors. Julian Raby, director of the Freer Gallery of Art, has posited that online exhibitions would drive more people to the gallery, and the Google Arts & Culture has supported this theory. The research found that most attendees of the virtual tour wanted to visit the museum afterwards and established a relationship between those who visit the platform and those who are inspired to go on a real tour of a museum. In further support of this concept, within two weeks of the launch of the platform, MoMA saw its website's traffic increase by about 7%. It is, however, unclear how many physical visitors came to MoMA as a result of the platform.
• Complements real visits to a gallery. While there has been some skepticism that the Google Arts & Culture seeks to replace real-time visits to art galleries, many have suggested that the virtual tours actually complement real-time visits. Research shows that people are more likely to enjoy their real-time visit to a museum after participating in a virtual tour. Several museum personnel have supported this concept anecdotally. Julian Raby, director of the Freer Gallery of Art stated: "The gigapixel experience brings us very close to the essence of the artist through detail that simply can't be seen in the gallery itself. Far from eliminating the necessity of seeing artworks in person, [Arts & Culture] deepens our desire to go in search of the real thing." This view was shared by Brian Kennedy, director of the Toledo Museum of Art, who believed that academics would still want to view artwork in three dimensions, even if the gigapixel images provided better clarity than viewing the artwork in the gallery. Similarly, Amit Sood—the Google project leader—said that "nothing beats the first-person experience".
• Has future development potential. Some scholars and art critics believe the Google Arts & Culture will change how museums use the web. For instance, Nancy Proctor—Head of Mobile Strategy & Initiatives at the Smithsonian—suggested that museums may eventually utilize the platform to provide museum maps and gallery information instead of printed materials. It might become possible for museum visitors to hold up their smartphone in front of an artwork, and the platform could overlay information. the platform could also provide a seamless transition from a Google Map to an inside gallery map, avoiding the need for printed collateral.
• Democratization of culture. With the rapid increase of information that is available online, we are in a period of democratization of knowledge. An elite group of professionals and experts are no longer the only people with the ability to distribute respected information. Rather, through web-based initiatives like Wikipedia, anyone with web access can contribute to and help shape public knowledge.
• Democratizing Art. The Google Arts & Culture is, according to some, a democratic initiative. The project has been cited as an art history's example of transforming knowledge to digital forms. It aims to give more people access to art by removing barriers like cost and location. Some art or cultural exhibits have been limited to a small group of viewers (e.g. PhD students, academic researchers) due to deteriorating conditions of work, lack of available wall space in a museum, or other similar factors. Digitized reproductions, however, can be accessible to anyone from any location. This type of online resource can transform research and academia by opening access to previously exclusive artworks, enabling multidisciplinary and multi-institutional learning. It provides people the opportunity to experience art individually, and a platform to become involved in the conversation. For example, the platform now lets users contribute their own content, adding their insight to the public collection of knowledge.
• Shift away from the canon of high art. Many scholars have argued that we are experiencing a breakdown of the canon of high art, and the Google Arts & Culture is beginning to reflect this. When it just included the Grand Masters of Western Art, the project faced strong criticism. As a result of this outburst, the website now includes some indigenous and graffiti artworks. This platform also provides a new context through which people encounter art, ultimately reflecting this shift away from the canon of high art.

Criticism

• Eurocentrism: During its initial launch, many critics argued that Google Arts & Culture provided a Western-biased representation of art. Most museums included in the first phase of the Project were from Western Europe, Washington, D.C., and New York, N.Y. According to Diana Skaar, head of partnerships for the platform, Google responded: "After the launch of round one, we got an overwhelming response from museums worldwide. So for round two, we really wanted to balance regional museums with those that are more nationally or globally recognized." Now, the platform's expanded repository includes graffiti works, dot paintings, rock art, and indigenous artworks. However, the study of the project's coverage as of 2019 found that its collection is dominated by images from a few Western countries, capital cities, and 20-th century art. Many countries have no provider institutions, and Kazakstan in particular was mostly represented through NASA photos.
• Selection of content: Although Google Arts & Culture partners with more than a hundred museums, some critics believe it still may present a skewed representation of art and art history. An art critic Alastair Sooke, writing for The Daily Telegraph in 2011, points out omissions of notable works and museums from the collection. Google and the partner museums are able to decide what information to include, and what artworks they will make available (and at what level of quality); Sooke believes this is counter-intuitive to the website's seemingly democratic objective. For example, in the White House virtual collection, one photo of a former First Lady does not include a key piece of information to understand the context of the image. Grace Coolidge often wore brightly colored clothes. In her White House portrait, she was dressed in a red sleeveless flapper dress and stood next to a large white dog. There are two versions of this picture: one showing Coolidge on a white background with softer lines, and one showing her on the White House lawn. The Google Arts & Culture description leaves out the reason for why there are two images. President Coolidge preferred his wife to wear a white dress. The artist, however, wanted the dress to contrast with the white dog. President Coolidge then retorted, "Dye the dog!" While perhaps not crucial to understanding the exhibit, this and other examples show that Google Arts & Culture and partner museums are in a position of power to curate the content and educational information of the virtual exhibition.
• Audience: Some critics have expressed concern over the intended audience of the platform, as this should shape the type of content available through the platform. For example, Director of the Center for the Future of Museums, Elizabeth Merritt, described the project as an "interesting experiment" but was skeptical as to its intended audience.
• Possible security risks: Some critics have raised the question of how Arts & Culture visitors might maliciously use the Street View images. For example, using highly detailed images of galleries, people could use this platform to map out museum security systems, and then be able to circumvent these protective measures during a break-in.

Timeline of introductions

All of these museums have an adapted version of Google Street View designed to photograph building interiors.

2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023

2024

2025

Similar initiatives

• Bucharest Natural History Museum and the Museum of the Romanian Peasant offer virtual tours of two of Romania's larger historical/anthropological museums.
• Europeana is a virtual repository of artworks, literature, cultural objects, relics, and musical recordings/writings from over 2000 European institutions.
• Public Catalogue Foundation has digitized all the circa 210,000 oil paintings in public ownership in the United Kingdom, and made the paintings viewable by the public through a series of affordable catalogs and, in partnership with the BBC, the "Your Paintings" website. Works by some 40,000 painters are included.
• Khan Academy's smARThistory is a multimedia resource with videos, audio guides, mobile applications and commentary from art historians.
• The Prado launched a virtual collection, in collaboration with Google Earth, in January 2009. The website contained photos of 14 Prado paintings, each with up to 14 gigapixels.
• The Virtual Museum of Canada is a virtual collection containing exhibits from thousand of Canadian local, provincial and national museums.
• Wikipedia GLAM ("galleries, libraries, archives, and museums", also including botanic and zoological gardens) helps cultural institutions share their resources with the world through collaborative projects with experienced Wikipedia editors.

Footnotes

Sources

• "Google Art: See Paintings like never before", BananaBandy, June 6, 2016. Retrieved on June 6, 2016.

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117. magazine, Le Point. (September 20, 2017). "Visiter le MuCEM sur la plateforme Google Arts & Culture".
118. (October 24, 2017). "New Virtual Tour and Online Collection announced by the Intrepid Museum!".
119. "El interior del Liceu en Google Street View {{!}} Liceu Opera Barcelona".
120. Sharma, Komal. (November 24, 2017). "What would you preserve?".
121. Srinivasan, Pankaja. (December 30, 2017). "Kishwar Desai believes we need to confront the horrors of Partition". The Hindu.
122. (January 5, 2018). "Google Street View te lleva al Papalote Museo del Niño".
123. "Retrouvez le musée des Confluences sur Google Art & Culture {{!}} Musée des Confluences".
124. Paulo, Bienal São. "Fundação Bienal de São Paulo tem parceria com Google Arts & Culture - Bienal".
125. "CCBB disponibiliza exposições online no Google Arts & Culture".
126. (March 13, 2018). "코이카, 구글 통해 한국 개발협력 역사 세계에 알린다".
127. "Tour the National Museum of Scotland on Google StreetView".
128. "자랑스러운 우리 해양문화유산, '구글'에서 전 세계와 만난다".
129. ""Google Arts & Culture" virtualus turas po išskirtinius Europos muziejus – Kultūros paveldo skaitmeninimas".
130. García, Ángel. "Admira la retrospectiva más grande de Frida Kahlo sin salir de casa".
131. (June 21, 2018). "为了让更多人了解中国现代美术，Google在中国做了什么？".
132. 여태경 기자. "한국 문화유산 구글서 실물처럼 본다..'코리안 헤리티지' 오픈".
133. "¡Pura Vida!, Google Street View llegó a Costa Rica".
134. (September 12, 2018). "Google Street View launches Lebanon collection". Arabian Business.
135. "Quindici musei di Milano sbarcano su Google Arts & Culture".
136. "Sto lat polskiej sztuki na Google Arts & Culture - Muzeum Narodowe w Krakowie".
137. Ruck, Tilda. (November 13, 2018). "Prince Charles is offering a virtual tour of his homes to celebrate his birthday".
138. (December 3, 2018). "La muestra sobre Vermeer que solo puedes ver en el móvil: así es un museo 2.0".
139. SAPO. "Arte e Património de Portugal ganham espaço no Google Arts & Culture".
140. Machado, Manuel Pestana. "Ministério da Cultura e Google preservam digitalmente 3 mil obras portuguesas".
141. "MNM está no Google Arts & Culture".
142. DIGITALES, CORRESPONDANCES. (November 4, 2019). "Les musées français à l'heure de l'Open Data".
143. (March 4, 2019). "Google Arts & Culture : l'Institut Pasteur et son musée à l'heure virtuelle".
144. "Die Röntgen-Gedächtnisstätte stellt zwei Google Arts & Culture Ausstellungen vor – Röntgen-Gedächtnisstätte".
145. "El MMIM en el Google Arts & Culture – Museo de Medicina Infanta Margarita".
146. (March 11, 2019). "El Museo Naval participa con Google en el proyecto Once Upon a Try {{!}} Revista Ingeniería Naval".
147. (March 6, 2019). "Kommunikationsmuseen bauen Zusammenheit mit Google Arts & Culture aus".
148. (March 14, 2019). "Röntgen-Museum macht mit bei Google Arts & Culture".
149. (April 18, 2019). "'Republic to Republic': A new Google exhibition by DIFP and UCD Archives on Ireland's international sovereignty from 1919 to 1949".
150. (June 13, 2019). "Visita a la antigua casa de Ana Frank en Google Arts & Culture".
151. Quimper, Musée des beaux-arts de la ville de. (June 17, 2019). "Le musée sur Google Arts and Culture".
152. (June 18, 2019). "Google déterre et redonne vie à de vieilles cartes postales bretonnes".
153. "为您呈现：上海当代艺术博物馆".
154. Saji, Janice. (June 24, 2019). "Pune's cricket museum now on Google Art and Culture". The Hindu.
155. (September 7, 2020). "배재학당역사박물관 '구글 아트 앤 컬처' 통해 김소월 전 세계에 소개".
156. (October 7, 2019). "Museo Soumaya se une a Google Arts&Culture".
157. "Google Arts & Culture ร่วมอนุรักษ์ภาพยนตร์ไทย".
158. "REPORT OF THE QUEENSLAND ART GALLERY BOARD OF TRUSTEES".
159. Long, Trevor. (August 20, 2019). "Google celebrates Aussie Sport with an online museum of Australian Sport - EFTM".
160. "ร่วมสำรวจประวัติศาสตร์ของ "วังหน้า" ในหลากหลายมิติ ผ่าน Google Arts & Culture".
161. Deurimo. (September 18, 2019). "Google Arts & Culture พาชมนิทรรศการวังหน้านฤมิตร ในมิติแห่งกาลเวลา ย้อนรอยประวัติศาสตร์แบบใกล้ชิด".
162. CORRESPONDENT. (October 31, 2019). "Google digitizes Kenya National Museum's cultural collections and maps".
163. 國立故宮博物院. (November 12, 2019). "故宮深化與Google Cultural Institute合作，與全球共享數位典藏資源".
164. (January 24, 2020). "Recópolis y los Tapices de la Colegiata de Pastrana a través de Google Arts & Culture".
165. (February 6, 2020). "Národní muzeum z pohodlí domova. Projděte si zrekonstruované budovy na internetu".
166. (February 28, 2020). "Google Street View comes to The Tank Museum".
167. (April 15, 2020). "Google 藝術與文化新增台灣合作夥伴 推出家庭專頁".
168. (March 17, 2020). "Nicht allein in leeren Hallen: Ideen zum virtuellen Museumsbesuch".
169. (March 18, 2020). "Världskulturmuseernas utställningar finns nu att besöka online på Google Arts & Culture".
170. Solly, Meilan. "How to Virtually Explore the Smithsonian From Your Living Room".
171. (March 19, 2020). "Upptäck Statens Historiska Museer digitalt".
172. (March 23, 2020). "Von der Couch direkt ins Museum".
173. Alice. (March 22, 2020). "藝文生活線上看 Google 藝術文化平台 匯聚2500多家藝術展演".
174. (March 26, 2020). "You Can Explore The Fascinating Past Of London Transport Museum Online".
175. (2020). "Die alte pinakothek im digitalen raum - mit Google Arts & Culture".
176. (April 17, 2020). "Royal Opera House Mumbai is live on Google Arts & Culture".
177. (April 21, 2020). "Cuarentena. Cineteca Nacional ofrece cursos y exposiciones en línea".
178. (April 27, 2020). "Foto Museo Cuatro Caminos y la inseguridad en CDMX -".
179. ブルータス, カーサ. (April 29, 2020). "《Google Arts & Culture》に山梨県北杜市の名美術館が登場。".
180. "石川県輪島漆芸(しつげい)美術館トップページ".
181. (May 7, 2020). "La Scala: the theater comes to you".
182. Civil, Dirección General de la Guardia. "Plantilla Home Principal".
183. "En el Día Internacional de los Museos, el Museo Nacional de Bellas Artes en Google Arts & Culture".
184. (May 18, 2020). "3D Rundgänge durch die Museen Böttcherstraße möglich".
185. (May 18, 2020). "Visita virtuale – Accesso piattaforma Google Arts & Culture".
186. Nazione. (May 18, 2020). "La Fondazione Scienza e Tecnica porta online il museo".
187. (May 18, 2020). "Città della Scienza insieme a Google Arts & Culture porta online il museo Corporea e le sue mostre".
188. (May 19, 2020). ""Connected to Culture" 文化とつながろう。美術館や博物館を支援する取り組み".
189. "Università e Google Arts & Culture portano online il museo della radiologia".
190. (May 20, 2020). "Virtual tour on Google Arts & Culture".
191. (May 20, 2020). "Le Musée des impressionnismes de Giverny présente son expo "Plein air. De Corot à Monet" en ligne".
192. "Virtual Museum tour with Google Arts & Culture {{!}} Bach-Archiv Leipzig".
193. Lauterbach, Kate. (June 18, 2020). "Explore 250 years of the Royal Academy of Arts".
194. "이응노 화백 작품, 구글 통해 전 세계에 소개한다".
195. (May 15, 2020). "You can now virtually tour the Milwaukee Public Museum thanks to Google".
196. Taylor, DeAnna. (August 12, 2020). "Google Arts & Culture launches a Charlotte site. Now, you can explore from the couch.".
197. (September 7, 2020). "Die PEKING virtuell bei Google Arts&Culture".
198. (September 17, 2020). "The Museum Mensch und Natur on Google Arts & Culture".
199. (September 22, 2020). "Mensch und Natur jetzt auch virtuell besuchen".
200. (September 17, 2020). "Découvrez les coulisses du Mobilier national sur Google Arts & Culture".
201. (October 6, 2020). "The National Taiwan Museum of Fine Arts joins Google exhibiting platform - Taipei Times".
202. "Nanshan Museum, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China". Google Arts & Culture.
203. "Wangye Museum, Shenzhen, China". Google Arts & Culture.
204. "Museu de Arte da Bahia lança acervo digital no Google Arts & Culture".
205. (November 13, 2020). "Balade virtuelle. S'électriser pour le musée Électropolis de Mulhouse".
206. (November 25, 2020). "Digitale Erweiterung: Das Museum Folkwang und seine Sammlung jetzt auch virtuell entdecken".
207. "Beethoven-Haus zeigt den Komponisten auf Google Arts & Culture".
208. "2020 구글 아트 앤 컬처를 돌아보며".
209. "시인 윤동주 탄생 103주년을 기념하는 온라인 전시를 만나보세요".
210. (February 21, 2021). "Museu do Douro está no Google Arts & Culture".
211. (March 10, 2021). "Von Moogs Labor bis ins Berghain". Die Zeit.
212. (March 11, 2021). "L'École polytechnique révèle ses collections inédites sur Google Arts & Culture".
213. (March 26, 2021). "观妙中国 - 在线观看中国 30 家博物馆，超过 8000 件藏品和街景[iPhone/Android] - 小众软件".
214. McGreevy, Nora. "Take a Virtual Tour of Feminist Icon Gloria Steinem's Historic Manhattan Apartment".
215. (April 26, 2021). "Metrô de São Paulo lança exposição na plataforma Google Arts & Culture". Governo do Estado de São Paulo.
216. (April 28, 2021). "Google Arts & Culture unveils 'Eko for Show' initiative to showcase Lagos • Okay.ng".
217. "Sydney Jewish Museum brings the personal artefacts of Holocaust survivors and unique Australian Judaica online on Google Arts & Culture for International Museum Day".
218. "Museu Villa-Lobos no Google Arts & Culture".
219. "Parma 2021 su Google Arts & Culture".
220. "SSRU Exhibition on Google Arts and Culture will be launched on July 23rd. Please stay tuned!".
221. Papageorgiu, Greta. (September 22, 2021). "Tonhalle Zürich künftig bei Google Arts & Culture".
222. Ornelas, Lina. (September 19, 2021). "Plataformas: ingrediente clave en la reactivación gastronómica".
223. Doughty, Nate. (September 28, 2021). "Google picks Pittsburgh for latest Arts & Culture project installment with 15 local partnering organizations".
224. Jawhar, Rami. (October 6, 2021). "Explore the Cradle of Creativity on Google Arts & Culture".
225. (October 8, 2021). "Google, Yemisi Shyllon Museum of Art leverage technology to go global".
226. James, Isabella. (October 14, 2021). "Google Arts & Culture Now Offers a Virtual Tour of the Great Wall of China".
227. (October 20, 2021). ""Chopin Forever" - wyjątkowa kolekcja na Google Arts & Culture".
228. "Virtuálna prechádzka slovenským divadelným storočím {{!}} Divadelný ústav".
229. (November 11, 2021). "Google Arts & Culture lança mostra digital sobre história de Brasília".
230. "Anche Google sbaglia: mette il link per la visita virtuale del palazzo del Quirinale, ma non funziona".
231. (December 3, 2021). "Slovenia presents collection on Google Arts & Culture portal".
232. "Legendy, magia i tajemnice średniowiecznego miasta na Google Arts & Culture - Magiczny Kraków".
233. (April 5, 2023). "'구글'과 대구콘서트하우스의 만남 … 구글 '아트 앤 컬처' 서비스 개시!".
234. (April 4, 2023). "Al via le celebrazioni per il centenario dell'Università degli Studi di Milano".
235. (June 9, 2023). "Welcome to San Antonio: Hidden Gem of the Lone Star State".
236. Andy MacLean. "Wiki Loves Art Nouveau". europeana.eu.
237. Ovidiu Sopa @ office@sibiul.ro. "Muzeul National de Istorie Naturala Grigore Antipa #48". Antipa.ro.
238. "Tur Virtual – Muzeul Taranului Roman". Tour.muzeultaranuluiroman.ro.
239. McKenn, Brian. (April 2011). "Europeana Stretches as Google Expands".
240. "Home".