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Charles-François Daubigny

French painter (1817–1878)

Charles-François Daubigny

French painter (1817–1878)

FieldValue
nameCharles-François Daubigny
imageCharles francois daubigny.jpg
image_upright1
captionPhotograph by Nadar
birth_date
birth_placeParis, France
death_date
death_placeParis, France
known_forPainting
movementBarbizon school

Charles-François Daubigny ( , , ; 15 February 181719 February 1878) was a French painter, one of the members of the Barbizon school, and is considered an important precursor of impressionism.

He was also a prolific printmaker, mostly in etching, and one of the main artists who used the cliché verre technique.

Biography

Daubigny was born in Paris, into a family of painters; taught art by his father, , and his uncle, miniaturist Pierre Daubigny (1793–1858). He was also a pupil of Jean-Victor Bertin, Jacques Raymond Brascassat and Paul Delaroche, from whom he would quickly emancipate himself. Though best known for his painted landscapes, Daubigny survived for many years as a graphic artist, illustrating books, magazines and travel guides for publication.

In 1838, he set up, at the Rue des Amandiers-Popincourt, a community of artists, a phalanstery, with Adolphe-Victor Geoffroy-Dechaume, Hippolyte Lavoignat, Ernest Meissonnier, Auguste Steinheil, Louis Joseph Trimolet, with whom he already had expressed his interest in subjects drawn directly from daily life and nature. These artists will work, among others, for the publisher Léon Curmer, who was specialized in books illustrated with vignettes. From this period date the first confirmed engravings by Daubigny.

Initially Daubigny painted in a more traditional style, but this changed after 1843 when he settled in Barbizon to work outside in nature. Even more important was his meeting with Camille Corot in 1852 in Optevoz (Isère). On his famous boat Botin, which he had turned into a studio, he painted along the Seine and Oise, often in the region around Auvers. From 1852 onward, he was influenced by Gustave Courbet. The two artists were from the same generation and were driven by the realist movement: during a joint stay, each composed a series of views of Optevoz.

In 1848, Daubigny worked on behalf of the Chalcographie du Louvre, performing facsimiles, which testifies to his great expertise in this art, and revisiting the technique of aquatint in a less cumbersome process. His famous series of Rolling Carts dates from this period. In 1862, with Corot, he experimented with the cliché-verre technique, halfway between photography and printmaking.

In 1866, he joined the jury of the Paris Salon for the first time, alongside his friend Corot. The same year, Daubigny visited England, eventually returning because of the Franco-Prussian War, in 1870. In London he met Claude Monet, and they left for the Netherlands together. Back in Auvers, he met Paul Cézanne, another important Impressionist. It is assumed that these younger impressionist painters were influenced by Daubigny.

Daubigny died in Paris in 1878. His remains are interred at cimetière du Père-Lachaise (division 24).

His followers and pupils included his son Karl Pierre Daubigny (whose works are occasionally mistaken for those of his father), , Hippolyte Camille Delpy, Albert Charpin and Pierre Emmanuel Damoye. The two painters who introduced the Barbizon School in Portugal, in 1879, António da Silva Porto and João Marques de Oliveira, were also his disciples.

Paintings

Charles-François Daubigny, ''Spring'' (1862)

The most striking paintings by Daubigny were those produced between 1864 and 1874, which depict mostly forest landscapes and lakes. Disappointed because he felt that he did not meet with the same level of success and admiration as his contemporaries, by the end of his career he was nonetheless an extremely sought-after and appreciated artist. The motifs of his paintings, sometimes tending towards repetitiveness and often playing on the horizontality of the landscape underlined by a backlight effect, would be taken up and accentuated by Hippolyte Camille Delpy, his most influenced student.

His most ambitious canvases include Springtime (1857), in the Louvre; Borde de la Cure, Morvan (1864); Villerville sur Mer (1864); Moonlight (1865); Auvers-sur-Oise (1868); and Return of the Flock (1878). He was named by the French government as an Officer of the Legion of Honor.

Public collections

Among the public collections holding works by Charles-François Daubigny are:

  • The Art Institute of Chicago
  • Cincinnati Art Museum
  • The Frick Collection, New York
  • The Hermitage, Saint Petersburg
  • Mesdag Collectie, The Hague
  • The Israel Museum, Jerusalem
  • Kunstmuseum Den Haag, The Hague
  • Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
  • Montreal Museum of Fine Arts
  • Musée du Louvre, Paris
  • Musée d'Orsay, Paris
  • Museum de Fundatie, Zwolle
  • Museum of Fine Arts, Boston Museum of Fine Arts, Boston
  • National Gallery of Canada, Ottawa
  • National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh
  • National Gallery, London
  • National Gallery of Art, Washington, D.C.
  • Neue Pinakothek, Munich
  • Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam
  • Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington, D.C.

Notes

References

References

  1. (September 2022). "Daubigny, Charles François". [[Oxford University Press]]}}{{dead link.
  2. "Daubigny". [[HarperCollins]].
  3. {{Cite Merriam-Webster. Daubigny
  4. Newhouse, Jill. (January 2015). "Charles F. Daubigny: Drawings for Le Voyage en Bateau".
  5. José-Augusto França, ''A Arte em Portugal no Século XIX'', Lisbon, Bertrand Editora, 3rd edition, 1990, volume 2 (Portuguese)
  6. The Iconographic Encyclopaedia of the Arts and Scien: Sculpture and painting, 1887, page 138
  7. "Bruno de Roover".
  8. "Luc Cromheecke".
  9. (10 December 2016). "Cromheecke voelt sympathie voelt voor pretentieloosheid van Daubigny".
  10. "Daubigny's Garden".
  11. [https://www.artic.edu/collection?q=Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois%20Daubigny The Art Institute of Chicago]
  12. [https://www.cincinnatiartmuseum.org/art/explore-the-collection?id=18360668 Cincinnati Art Museum]
  13. [https://collections.frick.org/people/75/charlesfrancois-daubigny The Frick Collection]
  14. [https://www.artic.edu/collection?q=Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois%20Daubigny The Hermitage]
  15. [https://www.demesdagcollectie.nl/en/search/collection?q=&artist=Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois%20Daubigny Mesdag Collection]
  16. [https://www.imj.org.il/en/collections/191788-0 The Israel Museum]
  17. [https://www.kunstmuseum.nl/en/collection/farm-kerity-brittany Kunstmuseum Den Haag]
  18. [https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search?q=Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois+Daubigny Metropolitan Museum of Art]
  19. Nathalie Bondil, ''The Montreal Museum of Fine Arts. 150th anniversary guide'', Montréal, Musée des beaux-arts de Montréal, 2013, p. 168
  20. [https://collections.louvre.fr/recherche?q=daubigny%20charles-fran%C3%A7ois&typology%5B0%5D=1 Musée du Louvre]
  21. [https://www.musee-orsay.fr/fr/ressources/repertoire-artistes-personnalites/charles-francois-daubigny-35854 Musée d'Orsay]
  22. [https://www.gallery.ca/collection/artist/charles-francois-daubigny National Gallery of Canada]
  23. [https://www.nationalgalleries.org/search?artists%5B3040%5D=3040 National Galleries of Scotland]
  24. [https://www.nationalgallery.org.uk/artists/charles-francois-daubigny National Gallery, London]
  25. [https://www.nga.gov/collection/artist-info.1207.html?artobj_artistId=1207&pageNumber=1 National Gallery of Art]
  26. [https://www.sammlung.pinakothek.de/en/artist/zA0GODE4dp/charles-francois-daubigny Neue Pinakothek]
  27. [https://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/search?q=Charles-Fran%C3%A7ois+Daubigny&v=&s=objecttype&ondisplay=False Rijksmuseum]
  28. [https://americanart.si.edu/artist/charles-francois-daubigny-1131 Smithsonian American Art Museum]
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