Andrija Zmajević

Biography

The Zmajević family hailed from Vrba, a village from the region of the Njeguši tribe; when the last members of the Crnojević family left the Principality of Zeta, Nikola Zmajević and his cousins Ivaniš and Vučeta moved to Kotor, at the beginning of the 16th century. There, they quickly converted from Eastern Orthodoxy in favor of Roman Catholicism, by marrying "Latin" women. Becoming appealed and somewhat wealthy, the family acquired property and gained a reputation and a name in Kotor.

Andrija Zmajević was born in Perast, in the Bay of Kotor, at the time part of the Republic of Venice, in late July 1628. His grandmother Anđuša had moved from Kotor to Perast in the early 17th century, after the death of her husband. After finishing the Franciscan primary school in his native town, Andrija Zmajević continued his education in Kotor, before moving to the College for the Propagation of the Faith, in Rome, where he earned a doctorate of philosophy and theology. In 1656, back in Perast, he became the town's pastor and the abbot of the monastery of St. George, on the Sveti Đorđe Island. In 1664, he became the vicar of the bishopric of Budva, where he remained after being appointed as titular archbishop of Bar in 1671, as the latter city was under Ottoman rule.

Work

He collected epic and lyric folk songs and transcribed the works of Dubrovnik poets, notably Ivan Gundulić. His most important theological and historical work is Ljetopis Crkovni (“Church Chronicles”), completed in 1675 and illustrated by himself and his countryman Tripo Kokolja. Written in proto-Serbo-Croatian, the book focuses on the South Slavs and records some of their secular history. Zmajević saw them as a single people and hoped that they would eventually unite under the Roman faith, including the Eastern Orthodox Serbs. In particular, the writer greatly admired Saint Sava, whom he incorrectly considered as faithful to the Holy See.

With the exception of the poem Od pakla, published in Venice in 1727, all his works remained in manuscript during his lifetime, some of which have been lost. Among the most notable are:

1. Ljetopis crkovni (“Church chronicles”)
2. Svadja Lazarevih kćeri, Brankovice i Miloševice (“The Quarrel of Lazar's daughters, wife of Branko and wife of Miloš”)
3. Boj Peraški (“The Battle of Perast”); lost
4. Slovinskoj Dubravi (“Of Slavic Dubrovnik”)
5. Tripu Škuri (“Of Tripo Škura”)
6. Od pakla (“From Hell”); lost

Zmajević wrote both in Latin and in the vernacular language, which he called "Slavic" (slovinski) and which he wrote using both Latin and Cyrillic scripts. He justified his decision to write in Cyrillic script since it was used by the "Illyrian" and overall Slavic world.

Legacy

Of recent, the Croatian Encyclopedia describes him as a 'Croatian archbishop and writer' and notes that his few remaining works are archived by HAZU.

However, in the mid-19th century Zabrebački katolički list (The Zagreb Roman Catholic Journal) still corerectly named Andrija Zmajević as Serbian, not Croatian archbishop.

References

Sources

• Prednjegoševsko doba, Titograd 1963.

References

1. ''Poezija Dubrovnika i Boke Kotorske u doba renesanse, baroka i prosvećenosti'', Zlata Bojović
2. [[John V. A. Fine, Jr.]]. (5 February 2010). "When Ethnicity Did Not Matter in the Balkans: A Study of Identity in Pre-Nationalist Croatia, Dalmatia, and Slavonia in the Medieval and Early-Modern Periods". University of Michigan Press.
3. Papović, Dragutin. (2009). "Primjeri filantropije u Crnoj Gori do kraja XX vijeka". Fond za aktivno građanstvo.
4. Pantić, Miroslav. (1990). "Knjizevnost na tlu Crne Gore i Boke Kotorske od XVI do XVIII veka". Srpska književna zadruga.
5. (2021). "Zmajević, Andrija". [[Miroslav Krleža Institute of Lexicography]].