Andreas Stöberl

Life

Stöberl studied from 1479 on at the University of Ingolstadt, where he became a magister in 1484, and subsequently a member of the Faculty of Arts. At Ingolstadt, he met and became a friend of Conrad Celtis, an eminent advocate of humanism who lectured there between 1492 and 1497. Grössing, Helmuth: "Johannes Stabius", in Mitteilungen des Österreichischen Landesarchivs, Band 9, 1968, pp. 239–264; here p. 242. -- When Celtis moved to Vienna in 1497, Stöberl followed his mentor. Stiborius was a member of the Sodalitas Litterarum Danubiana, a circle of humanists founded by Celtis. In 1502 he became one of two professors for mathematics (the other was Johannes Stabius, his friend from Ingolstadt) at the Collegium poetarum et mathematicorum, founded on Celtis' initiative by emperor Maximilian I the year before, as a part of the University of Vienna. At the Collegium, he taught courses in astronomy and astrology, as he did later at the university, where he got a chair at the Collegium ducale in 1503. Stiborius was a gifted teacher and well-liked by his students. In 1507 or 1508 he became a canon at St. Stephen's, and until his death in 1515 in Vienna he was also parish priest in Stockerau, where he was buried.

Works

At Vienna, Stiborius worked with Georg Tannstetter, who came to Vienna from Ingolstadt in Autumn 1502. Together they became the most prominent exponents of the "Second Viennese School of Mathematics" (the first having been the circle around Johann von Gmunden, Georg von Peuerbach, and Regiomontanus). Tannstetter, in his Viri Mathematici names both Stabius and Stiborius as his teachers.

As editor, Stiborius published an edition of Robert Grosseteste's Libellus Linconiensis de Phisicis lineis, angulis et figuris, per quas omnes acciones naturales complentur in 1503.

For Tannstetter's edition Tabulae Eclypsium..., which was published in 1514 and contained tables of eclipses of Georg von Peuerbach and the primi mobilis tables of Regiomontanus, Stiborius wrote two prefaces.

In preparation of the 10th session of the 5th council of the Lateran, Pope Leo X requested in October 1514 from various rulers to have their scientists offer proposals on the calendar reform. Emperor Maximilian gave the task to Stiborius and Tannstetter in Vienna, and to Johannes Stöffler at Tübingen. Stiborius and Tannstetter proposed to omit one leap year every 134 years, and to drop the 19-year metonic cycle used by the Church to calculate the Easter date. Instead of the metonic cycle, they proposed to simply use the true astronomic calculation for the full moon dates to determine Paschal Full Moon. Furthermore, they pointed out that the true astronomic March equinox and full moons, on which the whole calculation of the Easter date and thus other Church holidays was based, would occur at different times, sometimes even different dates in places at different longitudes around the globe, leading to Church holidays falling on different days in different places. They recommended to use universally the equinox at the Meridian of Jerusalem or Rome. Tannstetter and Stiborius's calendar reform proposal was published as Super requisitione sanctissimi Leonis Papae X. et divi Maximiliani Imp. p.f. Aug. De Romani Calendarii correctione Consilium in Florentissimo studio Viennensi Anustriae conscriptum et aeditum ca. 1515 by the printer Johannes Singriener in Vienna. As it turned out, the whole topic of the calendar reform was not even discussed at the fifth Lateran Council.

Tannstetter gives in his Viri Mathematici a list of books in Stiborius's library, and also a list of works written by the latter himself. He mentions a five-volume Opus Umbrarum ("Work of Shadows"), in which Stiborius treated various astronomical and mathematical topics such as cartographic projections, the theory and use of the astrolabe, including the saphea, the construction of sundials, and others. The work was the basis of his lectures in Vienna; it appears never to have been published though. A partial copy made in 1500 of these lecture notes has survived.

Legacy

The lunar crater Stiborius is named after him.

Footnotes

References

Literature

• Schöner, Christoph: Mathematik und Astronomie an der Universität Ingolstadt im 15. und 16. Jahrhundert, Ludovico Maximilianea. Forschungen; Vol. 13, Berlin : Duncker und Humblot, 1994. . In German.

References

1. Grössing, Helmuth: "Stiborius, Andreas", pp.261f. in Henschel, Christine; Jahn, Bruno (eds.): ''[[Killy Literaturlexikon]]'' Vol 11: Si–Vi, 2nd ed.; de Gruyter 2011, {{ISBN. 978-3-11-022040-7.
2. Bauch, Gustav: ''[https://archive.org/stream/dieanfngedeshum00unkngoog#page/n124/mode/2up Die Anfänge des Humanismus in Ingolstadt]'', Verlag R. Oldenbourg, Munich and Leipzig, 1901, pp.106f.
3. [[Joseph Aschbach. Aschbach, Joseph]]: ''Geschichte der Wiener Universität'', Vol. 2: ''[https://archive.org/stream/geschichtederwi05aschgoog#page/n390/mode/2up Die Wiener Universität und ihre Humanisten im Zeitalter Kaiser Maximilians I.]'', Vienna 1877, p. 374ff. URL last accessed 2012-11-02.
4. Göhler, Hermann, ''Das Wiener Kollegiat, nachmals Domkapitel zum hl. Stephan in seiner persönlichen Zusammensetzung in den ersten zwei Jahrhunderten seines Bestandes, 1365–1554'', unpublished Ph.D. thesis, Vienna 1932, p. 456f.
5. Endlicher, Stephan Ladislav: "[https://books.google.com/books?id=OzITAAAAQAAJ&pg=RA4-PT111&q=%22Stiborius%22 Konrad Celtis, ein Beitrag zur Wiederherstellung der Wissenschaften in Deutschland]", p. 758f in ''Archiv für Geschichte, Statistik, Literatur, und Kunst'', Vol. 127, 1825. URL last accessed 2012-11-02.
6. Czapla, Ralf G.: "Augustinus Moravus", in Worstbrock, Franz Josef (ed.): ''Deutscher Humanismus 1480–1520: Verfasserlexikon: A–K'', Berlin: de Gruyter 2005, pp. 61–72. {{ISBN. 3-11-017572-X. Here p. 61.
7. Schöner, Christoph: "Andreas Stiborius", in Boehm, L.; Müller, W.; Smolka, W.J.; Zedelmaier, H. (eds.): ''Biographisches Lexikon der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität'', Pt. I: "Ingolstadt-Landshut 1472–1826", Berlin, 1998, p. 419f. {{ISBN. 3428092678.
8. Grössing, Helmuth: ''Humanistische Naturwissenschaft. Zur Geschichte der Wiener mathematischen Schulen des 15. und 16. Jahrhunderts'', Saecula Spiritalia 8, Baden-Baden 1983, pp. 147ff. {{ISBN. 3-87320-408-8.
9. Paulus, Eduard ''et al.'': ''[[:de:s:Beschreibung des Oberamts Herrenberg. Beschreibung des Oberamts Herrenberg]]'', Stuttgart: Verlag Eduard Hallberger 1855, chapter "[[:de:s:Beschreibung des Oberamts Herrenberg/Kapitel B 1. Ortsbeschreibung: Herrenberg]]", p. 120.
10. Uiblein, Paul: ''Die Universität Wien im Mittelalter: Beiträge und Forschungen'', Vienna: WUV Universitätsverlag 1999, p. 254, footnote 113. {{ISBN. 3-85114-492-9.
11. {{Cite ADB. 36. 162. 163. Stiborius, Andreas. [[Siegmund Günther. Günther, Siegmund]]. ADB:Stiborius, Andreas
12. Grössing, Helmuth: "Stabius (Stöberer), Johannes", in Worstbrock, Franz Josef (ed.): ''Deutscher Humanismus 1480–1520: Verfasserlexikon'', Berlin: de Gruyter 2012, p. 949. {{ISBN. 978-3-11-028022-7.
13. Grössing, Helmuth: "Johannes Stabius", in ''Mitteilungen des Oberösterreichischen Landesarchivs, Band 9'', 1968, pp. 239–264; here p. 245f
14. Hayton, Darin: "[http://dhayton.haverford.edu/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/Hayton_Studies.pdf Instruments and demonstrations in the astrological curriculum: evidence from the University of Vienna, 1500–1530]{{dead link. (October 2016)
15. Kaiser, H.K. "[http://www.algebra.tuwien.ac.at/kronfellner/Geschichte_der_Mathematik/GdM_in_Oe_Kaiser.pdf Geschichte der Mathematik in Österreich] {{webarchive. link. (July 18, 2013 ", TU Vienna, 1989, p. 3. ([http://www.oemg.ac.at/DK/Didaktikhefte/1989%20Band%2017/Kaiser1989.pdf published] in ''[http://www.oemg.ac.at/DK/Didaktikhefte/ Didaktikheft No. 17 of the Österreichische Mathematische Gesellschaft]'', pp. 55–71, 1989.) URLs last accessed 2012-11-03.)
16. Graf-Stuhlhofer, Franz: ''Humanismus zwischen Hof und Universität. Georg Tannstetter (Collimitius) und sein wissenschaftliches Umfeld im Wien des frühen 16. Jahrhunderts'', Vienna: WUV Universitätsverlag 1996, p. 40. {{ISBN. 3-85114-256-X.
17. [https://archive.today/20130213121248/http://www.europeana.eu/resolve/record/03486/0F9DE0A0A042E1AB8D3318AC01A167A4AAFB595E Europeana]: Grosseteste, Robert (author), Stiborius, Andreas (ed.): ''[http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00003062-2 Libellus Linconiensis de Phisicis lineis, angulis et figuris, per quas omnes acciones naturales complentur.]'', Nuremberg 1503.
18. Hayton, p. 134.
19. Kaltenbrunner, Ferdinand: "[https://archive.org/stream/sitzungsberichte82stuoft#page/288/mode/2up Die Vorgeschichte der Gregorianischen Kalenderreform]" in ''Sitzungsberichte der Philosophisch-Historischen Classe der kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Band 82, Jahrgang 1876, Heft III'', Vienna 1876, pp. 289–414. On Tannstetter and Stiborius, see p. 385ff. URL last accessed 2012-11-03.
20. Graf-Stuhlhofer, p. 125ff.
21. Kaltenbrunner, p. 397.
22. Hayton, p. 126.
23. Grössing (1983), p. 175.
24. [[International Astronomical Union]] (IAU), Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (WGPSN): [https://planetarynames.wr.usgs.gov/Feature/5706 Gazetteer of Planetary Nomenclature: Planetary Names: Crater, craters: Stiborius on Moon]. URL last accessed 2012-11-08.