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2013 in archosaur paleontology
The year 2013 in archosaur paleontology was eventful. Archosaurs include the only living dinosaur group — birds — and the reptile crocodilians, plus all extinct dinosaurs, extinct crocodilian relatives, and pterosaurs. Archosaur palaeontology is the scientific study of those animals, especially as they existed before the Holocene Epoch began about 10,000 years ago. The year 2013 in paleontology included various significant developments regarding archosaurs.
This article records new taxa of fossil archosaurs of every kind that have been described during the year 2013, as well as other significant discoveries and events related to paleontology of archosaurs that occurred in the year 2013.
- Mesoeucrocodylian fossils, which might be the first recorded Cenozoic fossils of atoposaurids, are described from the Eocene Kaninah Formation of Yemen by Stevens et al. (2013).
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agaresuchus | Sp. nov | Valid | Puértolas-Pascual, Canudo & Moreno-Azanza | Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) | Conqués Formation | Spain | A eusuchian crocodylomorph belonging to the family Allodaposuchidae. Originally described as a species of Allodaposuchus; Narváez et al. (2016) transferred it to the genus Agaresuchus. | |
| Almadasuchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Pol et al. | Late Jurassic (Oxfordian) | Sediments alternatively referred by different authors to the Cañadón Calcáreo Formation or to the Puesto Almada Member of the Cañadón Asfalto Formation | Argentina | A non-crocodyliform crocodylomorph. The type species is Almadasuchus figarii. | |
| Anteophthalmosuchus escuchae | Sp. nov | Valid | Buscalioni et al. | Early Cretaceous (Albian) | Escucha Formation | Spain | A goniopholidid, a species of Anteophthalmosuchus. | |
| Apatosuchus | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Sues & Schoch | Late Triassic (Norian) | Löwenstein Formation | Germany | A non-crocodylomorph loricatan pseudosuchian, a new genus for "Halticosaurus" orbitoangulatus Huene (1932). | |
| Batrachomimus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Montefeltro et al. | Late Jurassic | Brazil | A neosuchian crocodyliform related to Rugosuchus and Shamosuchus. The type species is Batrachomimus pastosbonensis. | ||
| Brochuchus | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Conrad et al. | Miocene | Hiwegi Formation | Kenya | A new genus for "Crocodylus" pigotti. | |
| Caiman gasparinae | Sp. nov | Valid | Bona & Carabajal | Late Miocene | Argentina | A caiman. Originally described as a species of Caiman; transferred to the separate genus Paranasuchus by Bona et al. (2024). | ||
| Caiman venezuelensis | Sp. nov | Junior synonym | Fortier & Rincón | Pleistocene | Venezuela | A caiman, a species of Caiman. Considered to be a junior synonym of extant spectacled caiman (Caiman crocodilus) by Cidade et al. (2019). | ||
| Centenariosuchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Hastings et al. | Early or middle Miocene | Cucaracha Formation | Panama | A caiman. The type species is Centenariosuchus gilmorei. | |
| Chalawan | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Martin et al. | Early Cretaceous | Phu Kradung Formation | Thailand | A pholidosaurid, a new genus for "Sunosuchus" thailandicus. | |
| Cricosaurus lithographicus | Sp. nov | Valid | Herrera, Gasparini & Fernández | Late Jurassic (Tithonian) | Neuquén Basin | Argentina | A metriorhynchid, a species of Cricosaurus. | |
| Crocodylus falconensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Scheyer et al. | Early Pliocene | San Gregorio Formation | Venezuela | A species of Crocodylus. | |
| Culebrasuchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Hastings et al. | Probably early Miocene | Culebra Formation | Panama | A caiman. The type species is Culebrasuchus mesoamericanus. | |
| Eocaiman itaboraiensis | Sp. nov | Valid | Pinheiro et al. | Itaboraian | Itaboraí Basin | Brazil | A species of Eocaiman. | |
| Globidentosuchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Scheyer et al. | Late Miocene | Urumaco Formation | Venezuela | A caiman. The type species is Globidentosuchus brachyrostris | |
| Gondwanasuchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Marinho et al. | Late Cretaceous | Bauru Group | Brazil | A baurusuchid. The type species is Gondwanasuchus scabrosus. | |
| Hulkepholis | Gen. et comb. et sp. nov | Valid | Buscalioni et al. | Early Cretaceous | Escucha Formation | |||
| Grinstead Clay Formation | Spain | |||||||
| United Kingdom | A goniopholidid, a new genus for "Goniopholis" willetti Salisbury & Naish (2011); genus also contains a new species Hulkepholis plotos. | |||||||
| Maledictosuchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Parrilla-Bel et al. | Middle Jurassic (middle Callovian) | Ágreda Formation | Spain | A metriorhynchid. The type species is Maledictosuchus riclaensis. | |
| Paluxysuchus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Adams | Early Cretaceous (late Aptian) | Twin Mountains Formation | United States | A neosuchian crocodyliform. The type species is Paluxysuchus newmani. | |
| Stenomyti | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Small & Martz | Late Triassic | Chinle Formation | United States | An aetosaur. The type species is Stenomyti huangae. | |
| Torvoneustes coryphaeus | Sp. nov | Valid | Young et al. | Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) | Kimmeridge Clay Formation | United Kingdom | A metriorhynchid, a species of Torvoneustes. | |
| Tyrannoneustes | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Young et al. | Middle Jurassic | Oxford Clay Formation | United Kingdom | A metriorhynchid. The type species is Tyrannoneustes lythrodectikos. |
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ignotosaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Martínez et al. | Late Triassic (late Carnian) | Ischigualasto Formation | Argentina | A silesaurid. The type species is Ignotosaurus fragilis. | |
| Lutungutali | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Peecook et al. | Middle Triassic (Anisian) | Ntawere Formation | Zambia | A silesaurid. The type species is Lutungutali sitwensis. |
- A new Troodontid Tooth is reported from Kallamedu Formation of India.
- A study on the reproductive strategies of dinosaurs is published by Werner & Griebeler (2013).
- A re-analysis of prior studies on the dinosaur growth rates is published by Myhrvold (2013).
- A study on an assemblage of specimens of Aniksosaurus darwini from the Upper Cretaceous Bajo Barreal Formation (Argentina) evaluating whether the assemblage is truly monospecific and whether or not all the individuals died at the same time based on taphonomic data, is published by Ibiricu et al. (2013).
- Redescription of Lusotitan atalaiensis and a study on the phylogenetic relationships of basal titanosauriform sauropods is published by Mannion et al. (2013).
- A review of all fossil specimens referred to Euoplocephalus tutus, as well as specimens that were previously referred to Euoplocephalus but subsequently were assigned to different genera, is published by Arbour & Currie (2013).
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acheroraptor | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Evans, Larson & Currie | Late Cretaceous (latest Maastrichtian) | Hell Creek Formation | United States | A dromaeosaurid. The type species is Acheroraptor temertyorum. | |
| Acrotholus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Evans et al. | Late Cretaceous (Santonian) | Canada | A pachycephalosaurid. The type species is Acrotholus audeti. | ||
| Ajancingenia | Nom. nov | Valid | Easter | Late Cretaceous | Mongolia | A member of Oviraptoridae; a replacement name for Ingenia Barsbold (1981). Funston et al. (2018) considered this genus to be a junior synonym of the genus Heyuannia. | ||
| Albertadromeus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Brown et al. | Late Cretaceous (Campanian) | Oldman Formation | Canada | A relative of Orodromeus, Oryctodromeus and Zephyrosaurus. The type species is Albertadromeus syntarsus. | |
| Aorun | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Choiniere et al. | Middle or Late Jurassic (Callovian/Oxfordian boundary, more likely Callovian) | Shishugou Formation | China | A coelurosaur theropod, more closely related to ornithomimosaurs and maniraptorans than to tyrannosauroids. The type species is Aorun zhaoi. | |
| Aurornis | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Godefroit et al. | Middle or Late Jurassic | Tiaojishan Formation | China | A basal member of Avialae or a troodontid. The type species is Aurornis xui. | |
| Brasilotitan | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Machado et al. | Late Cretaceous | Adamantina Formation | Brazil | A titanosaur. The type species is Brasilotitan nemophagus. | |
| Bravoceratops | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Wick & Lehman | Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) | Javelina Formation | United States | A chasmosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Bravoceratops polyphemus. | |
| Canardia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Prieto-Márquez et al. | Late Cretaceous (late Maastrichtian) | Marnes d'Auzas Formation | France | A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid related to Aralosaurus. The type species is Canardia garonnensis. | |
| Dahalokely | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Farke & Sertich | Late Cretaceous (Turonian) | Madagascar | An abelisauroid theropod. The type species is Dahalokely tokana. | ||
| Dongyangopelta | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Chen et al. | Cretaceous (Albian or Cenomanian) | Chaochuan Formation | China | A nodosaurid. The type species is Dongyangopelta yangyanensis. | |
| Eosinopteryx | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Godefroit et al. | Middle or Late Jurassic | Tiaojishan Formation | China | A member of Paraves. The type species is Eosinopteryx brevipenna. | |
| Europelta | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Kirkland et al. | Early Cretaceous (early Albian) | Escucha Formation | Spain | A nodosaurid. The type species is Europelta carbonensis. | |
| Gannansaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Lü et al. | Late Cretaceous | Nanxiong Formation | China | A sauropod, a member of Somphospondyli. The type species is Gannansaurus sinensis. | |
| Ganzhousaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Wang et al. | Late Cretaceous | Nanxiong Formation | China | An oviraptorid. The type species is Ganzhousaurus nankangensis. | |
| Jianchangosaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Pu et al. | Early Cretaceous | Yixian Formation | China | A therizinosaur. The type species is Jianchangosaurus yixianensis. | |
| Jiangxisaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Wei et al. | Late Cretaceous | Nanxiong Formation | China | An oviraptorid theropod. The type species is Jiangxisaurus ganzhouensis. | |
| Judiceratops | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Longrich | Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian) | Judith River Formation | United States | A chasmosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Judiceratops tigris. | |
| Juratyrant | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Brusatte & Benson | Late Jurassic (Tithonian) | Kimmeridge Clay | United Kingdom | A basal tyrannosauroid, a new genus for "Stokesosaurus" langhami (Benson, 2008). | |
| Katepensaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Ibiricu et al. | Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian or Turonian) | Bajo Barreal Formation | Argentina | A rebbachisaurid sauropod. The type species is Katepensaurus goicoecheai. | |
| Kazaklambia | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Bell & Brink | Late Cretaceous (Santonian) | Kazakhstan | A lambeosaurine hadrosaurid, a new genus for "Procheneosaurus" convincens. | ||
| Leptorhynchos | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Longrich et al. | Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) | Aguja Formation | United States | A caenagnathid oviraptorosaur. The type species is Leptorhynchos gaddisi. Originally genus also contained "Ornithomimus" elegans Parks (1933), but this species was subsequently transferred to the separate genus Citipes. | |
| Lythronax | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Loewen et al. | Late Cretaceous (middle Campanian) | Wahweap Formation | United States | A tyrannosaurine tyrannosaurid. The type species is Lythronax argestes. | |
| Nankangia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Lü et al. | Late Cretaceous | Nanxiong Formation | China | An oviraptorosaur. The type species is Nankangia jiangxiensis. | |
| Nasutoceratops | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Sampson et al. | Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) | Kaiparowits Formation | United States | A centrosaurine ceratopsian. The type species is Nasutoceratops titusi. | |
| Normanniasaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Le Loeuff, Suteethorn & Buffetaut | Early Cretaceous (Albian) | France | A basal member of Titanosauria. The type species is Normanniasaurus genceyi. | ||
| Nyasasaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Nesbitt et al. | Middle Triassic (late Anisian) | Manda Formation | Tanzania | The oldest known dinosaur or the sister taxon of the Dinosauria. The type species is Nyasasaurus parringtoni. | |
| Oohkotokia | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Penkalski | Late Cretaceous (late Campanian) | Two Medicine Formation | United States | An ankylosaurine ankylosaurid. The type species is Oohkotokia horneri. The species was subsequently argued by Arbour and Currie (2013) to be a junior synonym of Scolosaurus cutleri. | |
| Overosaurus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Coria et al. | Late Cretaceous (Campanian) | Anacleto Formation | Argentina | A lithostrotian titanosaur related to Aeolosaurus. The type species is Overosaurus paradasorum. | |
| Saurolophus morrisi | Sp. nov | Valid | Prieto-Márquez & Wagner | Late Cretaceous (Maastrichtian) | Moreno Formation | USA | Originally described as a species of Saurolophus; subsequently made the type species of a separate genus Augustynolophus by Prieto-Márquez et al. (2015). | |
| Sauroniops | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Cau, Dalla Vecchia & Fabbri | Cenomanian | Kem Kem Beds | Morocco | A carcharodontosaurid. The type species is Sauroniops pachytholus. Announced in 2012; the final version of the article naming it was published in 2013. | |
| Siats | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Zanno & Makovicky | Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian) | Cedar Mountain Formation | United States | A Neovenatorid theropod. The type species is Siats meekerorum. | |
| Taohelong | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Yang et al. | Early Cretaceous | Hekou Group | China | A member of Polacanthinae. The type species is Taohelong jinchengensis | |
| Tataouinea | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Fanti et al. | Early Cretaceous | Ain el Guettar Formation | Tunisia | A rebbachisaurid sauropod. The type species is Tataouinea hannibalis. | |
| Trinisaura | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Coria et al. | Late Cretaceous (Campanian) | Snow Hill Island Formation | Antarctica | An ornithopod dinosaur. The type species is Trinisaura santamartaensis. | |
| Wulatelong | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Xu et al. | Late Cretaceous (Campanian) | Wulansuhai Formation | China | An oviraptorid. The type species is Wulatelong gobiensis. | |
| Xinjiangtitan | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Wu et al. | Middle Jurassic | Qigu Formation | China | A sauropod related to Mamenchisaurus. The type species is Xinjiangtitan shanshanesis. | |
| Yulong | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Lü et al. | Late Cretaceous | Qiupa Formation | China | An oviraptorid theropod dinosaur. The type species is Yulong mini. | |
| Yunganglong | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Wang et al. | Early Late Cretaceous | Zhumapu Formation | China | A basal member of Hadrosauroidea. The type species is Yunganglong datongensis. | |
| Yunmenglong | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Lü et al. | Early Cretaceous | Haoling Formation | China | A titanosauriform sauropod. The type species is Yunmenglong ruyangensis. |
- Eleutherornis is re-examined and classified as a member of Phorusrhacidae by Angst et al. (2013).
| Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alamodactylus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Andres & Myers | Late Cretaceous (early Coniacian) | Atco Formation | United States | A non-pteranodontoid pteranodontian. The type species is Alamodactylus byrdi. | |
| Ardeadactylus | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Bennett | Late Jurassic | Germany | A new genus for "Pterodactylus" longicollum von Meyer (1854). | ||
| Camposipterus | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Rodrigues & Kellner | Early Cretaceous (Albian) | Cambridge Greensand | United Kingdom | A new genus for "Ornithocheirus" nasutus Seeley (1870); genus might also contain "Ornithocheirus" colorhinus Seeley (1870). Rodrigues & Kellner (2013) also considered it possible that "Pterodactylus" sedgwickii Owen (1859) belonged to the genus Camposipterus, but subsequently it was made the type species of a separate genus Aerodraco. | |
| Caupedactylus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Kellner | Early Cretaceous | Romualdo Formation | Brazil | A tapejarid. The type species is Caupedactylus ybaka. | |
| Cimoliopterus | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Rodrigues & Kellner | Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian/Turonian) | Chalk Formation | United Kingdom | A new genus for "Pterodactylus" cuvieri Bowerbank (1851). | |
| Cuspicephalus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Martill & Etches | Kimmeridgian | Kimmeridge Clay Formation | United Kingdom | A basal monofenestratan. The type species is Cuspicephalus scarfi. | |
| Eurazhdarcho | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Vremir et al. | Late Cretaceous (early Maastrichtian) | Sebeş Formation | Romania | An azhdarchid. The type species is Eurazhdarcho langendorfensis. | |
| Lonchodraco | Gen. et comb. nov | Valid | Rodrigues & Kellner | Cretaceous (Albian to Cenomanian/Turonian) | Cambridge Greensand | |||
| Chalk Formation | United Kingdom | A new genus for "Pterodactylus" giganteus Bowerbank (1846); genus also contains "Ornithocheirus" machaerorhynchus Seeley (1870) and "Ornithocheirus" microdon Seeley (1870). | ||||||
| Radiodactylus | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Andres & Myers | Early Cretaceous (late Aptian or early Albian) | Glen Rose Formation | United States | A non-azhdarchid azhdarchoid. The type species is Radiodactylus langstoni. | |
| Vectidraco | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Naish, Simpson & Dyke | Early Cretaceous (probably early Aptian) | United Kingdom | An azhdarchoid. The type species is Vectidraco daisymorrisae. | ||
| Wenupteryx | Gen. et sp. nov | Valid | Codorniú & Gasparini | Late Jurassic (Tithonian) | Vaca Muerta Formation | Argentina | A pterodactyloid pterosaur related to the clade Euctenochasmatia or Archaeopterodactyloidea. The type species is Wenupteryx uzi. |
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