1st federal electoral district of Querétaro

Querétaro under the 2017–2022 districting plan

The 1st federal electoral district of Querétaro (Spanish: Distrito electoral federal 01 de Querétaro) is one of the 300 electoral districts into which Mexico is divided for elections to the federal Chamber of Deputies and one of six such districts in the state of Querétaro.

It elects one deputy to the lower house of Congress for each three-year legislative session by means of the first-past-the-post system. Votes cast in the district also count towards the calculation of proportional representation ("plurinominal") deputies; since 2024, those elected from the fifth region.

The current member for the district, elected in the 2024 general election, is Gilberto Herrera Ruiz of the National Regeneration Movement (Morena).

Under the 2023 districting plan adopted by the National Electoral Institute (INE), which assigned Querétaro an additional seat in Congress and is to be used for the 2024, 2027 and 2030 federal elections, the 1st district covers 194 precincts (secciones electorales) across 11 municipalities in the north of the state:

• Arroyo Seco, Cadereyta de Montes, Colón, Ezequiel Montes, Jalpan de Serra, Landa de Matamoros, Peñamiller, Pinal de Amoles, San Joaquín, Tequisquiapan and Tolimán.

The head town (cabecera distrital), where results from individual polling stations are gathered together and tallied, is the city of Cadereyta. The district reported a population of 395,695 in the 2020 Census. With the Sierra Gorda mountain range accounting for much of its area, it is by far the state's largest district.

2017–2022

Between 2017 and 2022, when the state comprised five federal electoral districts, the 1st had its head town at Cadereyta de Montes and it covered 10 municipalities, mostly in the north of the state: Arroyo Seco, Cadereyta de Montes, Colón, Jalpan de Serra, Landa de Matamoros, Pedro Escobedo, Peñamiller, Pinal de Amoles, San Joaquín and Tolimán.

2005–2017

Under the 2005 plan, Querétaro had four districts. The 1st covered 12 municipalities in the north-east of the state, with its head town at Cadereyta: Arroyo Seco, Cadereyta de Montes, Colón, Ezequiel Montes, Jalpan, Landa, Pedro Escobedo, Peñamiller, Pinal de Amoles, San Joaquín, Tequisquiapan and Tolimán.

1996–2005

In the 1996 scheme, which gave Querétaro its fourth congressional seat, the district had the same configuration as in the 2005 plan: 12 municipalities in the north and east of the state, with Cadereyta serving as the head town.

1978–1996

The districting scheme in force from 1978 to 1996 was the result of the 1977 electoral reforms, which increased the number of single-member seats in the Chamber of Deputies from 196 to 300. Under that plan, Querétaro's seat allocation rose from two to three. The 1st district covered the municipality of Querétaro.