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1906–07 United States Senate elections

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Summary

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Field	Value
election_name	1906–07 United States Senate elections
country	United States
flag_year	1896
type	legislative
ongoing	no
previous_election	1904–05 United States Senate elections
previous_year	1904 & 1905
next_election	1908–09 United States Senate elections
next_year	1908 & 1909
seat_class	Class 2
previous_seat_election	1900–01 United States Senate elections
previous_seat_year	1900 & 1901
next_seat_election	1912–13 United States Senate elections
next_seat_year	1912 & 1913
seats_for_election	30 of the 90 seats in the United States Senate
(as well as special elections)
majority_seats	46
election_date	January 9, 1906 –
August 6, 1907
1blank	Seats up
image_size	160x180px
party1	Republican Party (US)
image1	William B. Allison - Brady-Handy.jpg
leader1	William B. Allison
(retired)
leader_since1	March 4, 1897
leaders_seat1	Iowa
seats1	18
seats_before1	57
seats_after1	60
seat_change1	3
1data1	15
party2	Democratic Party (US)
image2	Charles Allen Culberson.jpg
leader2	Charles Culberson
leader_since2	March 4, 1905
leaders_seat2	Texas
seats2	11
seats_before2	33
seats_after2	29
seat_change2	4
1data2	15
title	Majority Party
before_party	Republican Party (US)
after_party	Republican Party (US)
map_image	[[File:1906-1907 United States Senate elections results map.svg	376px]]
map_size	320px
map_caption	Results of the elections:

(as well as special elections) August 6, 1907 (retired)

The 1906–07 United States Senate elections were held on various dates in various states. As these U.S. Senate elections were prior to the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment in 1913, senators were chosen by state legislatures. Senators were elected over a wide range of time throughout 1906 and 1907, and a seat may have been filled months late or remained vacant due to legislative deadlock. In these elections, terms were up for the senators in Class 2.

The Republican Party gained three seats in the United States Senate, expanding their majority to more twice that of the opposing Democratic Party. The elections were held alongside the 1906 House of Representatives elections, which saw a significant Democratic gain in contrast to the Senate elections.

In Georgia, the legislature failed to elect until shortly after the beginning of the 60th Congress on March 4. In Rhode Island, the legislature deadlocked and did not elect a Senator until well into 1908.

Results summary

Senate party division, 60th Congress (1907–1909)

Majority party: Republican (60)
Minority party: Democratic (28)
Other prties: 0
Vacancies: 2
Total seats: 90

Change in composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1906.

		R		R		R		R		R

Result of the general elections

		R		R		R		R		R

Beginning of the next Congress

		R		R		R		R		R

V	Vacant

Race summaries

Elections during the 59th Congress

In these elections, the winners were seated during 1906 or in 1907 before March 4; ordered by election date.

State	Incumbent	Results	Candidates	Party
(Class 1)	Kansas
(Class 2)	Oregon
(Class 2)	Michigan
(Class 2)
Vacant		Legislature had previously failed to elect.
New senator elected June 12, 1906.
Republican gain.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Alfred W. Benson		Republican	1906 (appointed)	Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected January 22, 1907.
Republican hold.
Winner was also elected to the next term; see below.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
John M. Gearin		Democratic	1905 (appointed)	Interim appointee retired January 22, 1907, when successor elected.
New senator elected January 22, 1907, ratifying popular selection made in 1906 state elections.
Republican gain.
Winner was not elected to the next term; see below.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Russell A. Alger		Republican	1902 (appointed)
1903 (special)		Incumbent died January 24, 1907.
New senator elected February 5, 1907.
Republican hold.
Winner had already been elected to the next term; see below.	nowrap	{{Plainlist

In this election, the winner was seated March 4, 1909, in the 61st Congress.

State	Incumbent	Results	Candidates	Senator
(Class 3)
Edmund Pettus		Democratic	1903	Incumbent re-elected early January 22, 1907, for the term beginning March 4, 1909.
Winner died July 27, 1907, and a new senator was elected early August 6, 1907.	nowrap	July 27, 1907:
{{Plainlist

Elections leading to the 60th Congress

In these regular elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1907; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 2 seats.

State	Incumbent	Results	Candidates	Senator	Party	Electoral
history	Alabama	Arkansas	Colorado	Delaware	Georgia	Idaho	Illinois	Iowa	Kansas	Kentucky	Louisiana	Maine	Massachusetts	Michigan	Minnesota	Mississippi	Montana	Nebraska	New Hampshire	New Jersey	North Carolina	Oregon	Rhode Island	South Carolina	South Dakota	Tennessee	Texas	Virginia	West Virginia	Wyoming
John T. Morgan		Democratic	1876
1882
1888
1894
1900	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.
Winner died June 11, 1907, and a new senator was appointed June 17.
Interim appointee elected July 16, 1907.	nowrap	January 22, 1907:
{{Plainlist
James H. Berry		Democratic	1885 (special)
1889
1895
1901		Incumbent lost re-election.
Winner elected January 29, 1907.
Democratic hold.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Thomas Patterson		Democratic	1901		Incumbent retired.
New senator elected January 16, 1907.
Republican gain.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
J. Frank Allee		Republican	1903 (special)		Incumbent retired.
New senator elected January 16, 1907.
Republican hold.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Augustus O. Bacon		Democratic	1894
1900		Incumbent ran, but legislature failed to elect.
Democratic loss.
Incumbent was appointed to start the term and was later elected to finish the term; see below.	Augustus O. Bacon (Democratic)
Fred Dubois		Democratic	1890
1897 (lost)
1901		Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected January 15, 1907.
Republican gain.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Shelby M. Cullom		Republican	1882
1888
1894
1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Jonathan Dolliver		Republican	1900 (appointed)
1901 (appointed)
1902 (special)	Incumbent re-elected January 23, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Alfred W. Benson		Republican	1906 (appointed)		Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected January 22, 1907.
Republican hold.
Winner was also elected to finish the term; see above.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
J. C. S. Blackburn		Democratic	1884
1890
1897 (lost)
1900		Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected January 16, 1906, after an election on January 9, 1906.
Democratic hold.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Murphy J. Foster		Democratic	1900	Incumbent re-elected early May 18, 1904.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
William P. Frye		Republican	1881 (special)
1883
1889
1895
1901	Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Winthrop Crane		Republican	1904 (appointed)
1905 (special)	Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Russell A. Alger		Republican	1902 (appointed)
1903 (special)		Incumbent retired.
New senator elected January 15, 1907.
Republican hold.
Winner was subsequently elected to finish the current term; see above.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Knute Nelson		Republican	1895
1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Anselm J. McLaurin		Democratic	1894 (special)
1900	Incumbent re-elected early January 19, 1904.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
William Clark		Democratic	1899
1900 (resigned)
1901		Incumbent retired.
New senator elected January 16, 1907.
Republican gain.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Joseph Millard		Republican	1901 (special)		Incumbent retired.
New senator elected January 15, 1907.
Republican hold.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Henry E. Burnham		Republican	1901	Incumbent re-elected January 15, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
John F. Dryden		Republican	1902 (special)		Incumbent withdrew from renomination.
New senator elected February 5, 1907.
Republican hold.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
F. M. Simmons		Democratic	1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
John M. Gearin		Democratic	1905 (appointed)		Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected January 2, 1907, ratifying popular selection made in 1906 state elections.
Republican gain.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
George P. Wetmore		Republican	1894
1900		Legislature failed to elect.
Republican loss.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Benjamin Tillman		Democratic	1894
1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Robert J. Gamble		Republican	1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Edward W. Carmack		Democratic	1901		Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected January 15, 1907.
Democratic hold.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Joseph W. Bailey		Democratic	1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Thomas S. Martin		Democratic	1893 (early)
1899 (early)	Incumbent re-elected January 24, 1906.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Stephen B. Elkins		Republican	1895
1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Francis E. Warren		Republican	1890
1893 (lost)
1895
1901	Incumbent re-elected January 22, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist

Elections during the 60th Congress

In these elections, the winners were elected in 1907 after March 4; sorted by election date.

State	Incumbent	Results	Candidates	Senator
(Class 3)	Georgia
(Class 2)	Alabama
(Class 2)	Alabama
(Class 3)	Oklahoma
(Class 2)	Oklahoma
(Class 3)
John C. Spooner		Republican	1897
1903		Incumbent resigned April 30, 1907.
New senator elected May 17, 1907.
Republican hold.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Augustus O. Bacon		Democratic	1894
1900
1907 (appointed)	Interim appointee elected July 9, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
John H. Bankhead		Democratic	1907 (appointed)	John T. Morgan (D), having just been re-elected (see above), died June 11, 1907.
Interim appointee elected July 16, 1907.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
Edmund Pettus	Democratic	1903
1907		Incumbent, having just been re-elected, died July 27, 1907.
New senator elected August 6, 1907.
Democratic hold.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
New senator was also elected early August 6, 1907, to the term beginning March 4, 1909.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
None (new state)		First senators elected December 10, 1907.
Democratic gain.	nowrap	{{Plainlist
	First senators elected December 10, 1907.
Democratic gain.	nowrap	{{Plainlist

Alabama

The two new senators, John H. Bankhead and Joseph F. Johnston, were named "alternate" senators at the state Democratic primary in 1906. The men who would beat them both died so Bankhead and Johnston were elected in their places.

Class 2

until June 11, 1907

Alabama (regular, class 2)

Five-term Democrat John Tyler Morgan was re-elected January 22, 1907.

Alabama (special, class 2)

Morgan died June 11, 1907, just three months into his sixth term. pending a July 16, 1907, special election, which he won.

Class 3

until July 27, 1907

Alabama (regular, class 3)

Two-term Democrat Edmund Pettus was re-elected early on January 22, 1907, for the term that would begin in 1909.

Alabama (special, class 3)

Pettus died July 27, 1907, even before his new term was supposed to begin. Democrat Joseph F. Johnston was elected August 6, 1907, both to finish the term and to the next term.

Arkansas

Colorado

Delaware

Delaware (special)

Delaware (regular)

Georgia

Georgia (regular)

Georgia (special)

Idaho

Illinois

Iowa

Kansas

Kansas (regular)

Kansas (special)

Kentucky

Louisiana

Maine

Massachusetts

Michigan

Michigan (regular)

Michigan (special)

Minnesota

Mississippi

Montana

Nebraska

New Hampshire

New Jersey

North Carolina

Oklahoma

Oregon

Oregon (regular)

Oregon (special)

Rhode Island

South Carolina

South Dakota

Tennessee

Texas

Virginia

West Virginia

Wisconsin (special)

Wyoming

Notes

References

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References

(February 8, 2022). "17th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution: Direct Election of U.S. Senators (1913)".
"Our Campaigns - OR US Special Senate Race - Nov 06, 1906".
(January 23, 1907). "NO CHOICE IN RHODE ISLAND". [[The New York Times]].
(2015). "Electing the Senate: Indirect Democracy before the Seventeenth Amendment". [[Princeton University Press]].
(1904). "Official Journal of the Proceedings of House of Representatives of the State of Louisiana at the Regular Session of the General Assembly".
(January 20, 1904). "Re-elect Senators McLaurin and Money". [[The New York Times]].
(1907). "Journals of the Honorable Senate and House of Representatives of the State of New-Hampshire, January Session, 1907". Rumford Printing Co..
"Our Campaigns - OR US Senate Race - Nov 06, 1906".
(January 23, 1907). "BAILEY IS RE-ELECTED, BUT UNDER CHARGES". [[The New York Times]].
(January 24, 1906). "Senator Martin Re-elected". [[The New York Times]].
"NO CHOICE IN RHODE ISLAND.; Senatorial Deadlock Is Unbroken -- Elections in Other States.". The New York Times.
"BANKHEAD TO BE SENATOR.; Governor of Alabama Will Appoint Him in Morgan's Place.". The New York Times.
(1908). "Tribune Almanac and Political Register ...".
"SENATOR PETTUS DIES, AGED 86 YEARS; Succumbs to Brief Illness While at Hot Springs, North Carolina. LONG SERVICE TO NATION He and His Late Colleague, Senator Morgan, Were Associated Through Life.". The New York Times.

Wikipedia Source

This article was imported from Wikipedia and is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License. Content has been adapted to SurfDoc format. Original contributors can be found on the article history page.

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