14.5 × 114 mm

Cartridge dimensions

The 14.5 × 114 mm has 42.53 ml (655 grains H2O) cartridge case capacity. The exterior shape of the case was designed to promote reliable case feeding and extraction in bolt-action rifles, semi-automatic rifles, and heavy machine guns alike, under extreme conditions.

14.5 × 114 mm maximum cartridge dimensions. All dimensions in millimetres (mm), but angles may be measured in degrees or degrees-arcminutes-arcseconds (° ′ ″); alpha is 22.5°.

Americans define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 = 22.25°. The most common rifling twist rate for this cartridge is 1 in 455 mm, with 8 grooves, land ⌀ 14.50 mm, and groove ⌀ 14.95 mm. Assuming a muzzle velocity of 1 km/s, as is roughly typical for it, this gives it a muzzle angular frequency of ≈ (; ). According to the official guidelines, the 14.5 × 114 mm case can handle up to 360 MPa (52,213 psi) piezo pressure. In C.I.P. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. pressure to be certified for sale to consumers.

Ammunition types

• BS: Armour-piercing incendiary original anti-tank round. The projectile weighs 64.4 g and is 51 mm long with a 38.7 g core of tungsten carbide with 1.8 g of incendiary material in the tip. The overall round weighs approximately 200 g and is 155 mm long. The projectile has a muzzle velocity of approximately 1006 m/s, giving it a translational kinetic energy of {{#expr: 64.4/20001006^2 round 0}} J and a rotational kinetic energy of {{#expr: 64.4/2000(2pi1006/.455)^2*(14.88/2000)^2 /104 round 3}} -, assuming its nominal diameter of 14.88 mm rather than the average diameter left behind by the rifling of 14.725 mm - the range is between treating the cartridge as an ellipsoid versus a cylinder for the purposes of moment of inertia. Using the rifled diameter yields {{#expr: 64.4/2000(2pi1006/.455)^2*(14.725/2000)^2 /10*4 round 3}} -. It can penetrate 30-32 mm of RHA steel at an incidence of 0 degrees at a range of 500 m, or 40 mm at a range of 100 m.
• B-32: Armour-piercing incendiary full-metal-jacket round with a hardened steel core. Projectile weight is 64 g and muzzle velocity is 1006 m/s. Armour penetration at 500 m is 32 mm of RHA at 90 degrees.
• BZT: Armour-piercing incendiary tracer full-metal-jacket round with a steel core. Projectile weight is 59.56 g and muzzle velocity is 1006 m/s. Tracer burns to at least 2000 m.
• MDZ: High-explosive incendiary bullet of instant action. Projectile weight is 59.6 g.
• ZP: Incendiary tracer round

Cartridges use lacquered steel cases and percussion primers. Some countries also use brass cartridge cases. The propellant consists of 28.8 g smokeless powder with seven tubes, designated as "5/7NA powder". Two different versions of bullet series are known, the earlier has a conventional bullet jacket with a boat-tail. These have a long engraving portion that causes considerable barrel wear. The newer bullet types have a smaller engraving portion with a rounder boat-tail and were used from about 1957 onward.

The cartridge has been manufactured in Bulgaria, China, Egypt, Hungary, Iraq, North Korea, Poland, Romania, Russia, and the former Czechoslovakia. There are new Chinese armour-piercing types:

• DGJ02: APIDS-T cartridges use 45 g tungsten penetrators, wrapped in discarding sabots (similar to the US military SLAP cartridges) with dual colour tracers to aid ranging. The sabot splits and leaves the penetrator between 150 m and 200 m from the muzzle. It has a muzzle velocity of 1250 m/s and is quoted as being able to penetrate 20 mm of armour plate set at an angle of 60° at 1000 m.
• DGE02: APHEI cartridges are reportedly absurdly heavy, 175 -. At 1000 m it is quoted as having a 90 percent chance of being able to penetrate 15 mm of armour plate set at 30°. At 300 m after penetrating a 2 mm soft steel plate (representing an aircraft skin) it can further penetrate a 1.2 mm thick steel plate producing 20 fragments. Upon explosion between 75 and 95 incendiary pieces are formed which have an 80% chance of igniting aviation fuel.

Chambered weapons

Anti-materiel rifles

• Anzio rifle
• Cadex CDX-X145
• Denel NTW-20
• Gepard M-3
• Istiglal IST-14.5
• Mambi-1 AMR
• PDSHP
• PTRS-41 (anti-tank rifle)
• PTRD-41 (anti-tank rifle)
• Shaher
• Snipex T-Rex
• Snipex Alligator
• Truvelo 14.5×114mm
• Vidhwansak
• Şer rifle (home made anti-materiel rifle)

Machine guns

• Slostin machine gun (heavy variant)
• KPV heavy machine gun
  • Chinese Type 56 (KPV) and Type 58 (KPVT) heavy machine guns
• Type 02/QJG-02 heavy machine gun

Other

• ZPU anti-aircraft guns
• 2Kh35 inserted unified self-loading gun

In addition to being chambered in multiple calibers, the Ukrainian Horizon's Lord rifle uses its own proprietary "12.7 × 114 HL" cartridge made by necking down a 14.5 × 114 mm cartridge case to accept a .50 BMG bullet. In essence, the 14.5 × 114mm cartridge is the parent case for the 12.7 × 114 HL.

References

References

1. [[Pobedit]]-style alloy Re8 (РЭ8) containing 8% cobalt. Commonly described as a "[[cermet]]" in Russian sources.
2. Chant, Christopher. (1989). "Air Defense Systems and Weapons: World AAA and Sam Systems in the 1990s". Brassey's Defence Publishers.
3. (1977). "Opposing Forces: Europe". Department of Defense, Department of the Army, Headquarters.
4. [https://books.google.com/books?id=r_1LAQAAMAAJ "Armor"], Volume 81 Issue 6. United States Armor Association. 1972. p. 43.
5. Andrew, Martin. (April 2012). "PLA Mechanised Infantry Division Air Defence Systems". [[Air Power Australia]].
6. "Iran unveils new tactical vehicle, sniper rifle". [[Tehran Times]].
7. (4 October 2017). "Kurdish 12.7mm Zagros and 14.5mm Şer Anti-Materiel Rifles".
8. "14.5 mm QJG 02 heavy machine gun (PR China)".
9. [http://www.zid.ru/en/products/military/2x35.html 2Kh35 Inserted unified self-loading gun]
10. "MSN".