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12.7 × 108 mm

Rifle cartridge

Field	Value
name	12.7×108mm
image	12.7x108mm.jpg	image_size = 300px
caption	A 12.7 × 108 mm cartridge
origin	Soviet Union
type	Heavy machine gun
Anti-materiel rifle
service	1935–present
used_by	Soviet Union and successor states
wars	Winter War
World War II
Korean War
Portuguese Colonial War
Vietnam War
Cambodian Civil War
Cambodian–Vietnamese War
Six-Day War
War of Attrition
The Troubles
Yom Kippur War
Soviet–Afghan War
Iran–Iraq War
Gulf War
Chechen War
Iraq War
War in Afghanistan
Libyan Civil War
Syrian Civil War
Nagorno-Karabakh conflict
Russo-Ukrainian War
Gaza war
is_SI_specs	yes
case_type	Rimless, bottleneck
bullet	12.98
neck	13.95
shoulder	18.90
base	21.75
rim_dia	21.70
rim_thick	1.90
case_length	108
length	147.50
case_capacity	22.72
primer	Berdan
max_pressure	360
is_SI_ballistics	yes
bwunit	gram
bw1	48.3
btype1	API B32 57-BZ-542
vel1	820-860
en1	16240-17861
bw2	55.4
btype2	API-HC BS
vel2	820
en2	18625
bw3	56.6
btype3	API-HC BS 7-BZ-1
vel3	820-825
en3	19029-19621
bw4	59.2
btype4	Sniper SN 7N34
vel4	770-785
en4	17549-18240
bw5	44.1
btype5	Tulammo 680 gr hunting cartridge
vel5	916-923
en5	18501-18785
test_barrel_length	1000 mm

Anti-materiel rifle World War II Korean War Portuguese Colonial War Vietnam War Cambodian Civil War Cambodian–Vietnamese War Six-Day War War of Attrition The Troubles Yom Kippur War Soviet–Afghan War Iran–Iraq War Gulf War Chechen War Iraq War War in Afghanistan Libyan Civil War Syrian Civil War Nagorno-Karabakh conflict Russo-Ukrainian War Gaza war

The 12.7×108mm cartridge is a 12.7 mm heavy machine gun and anti-materiel rifle cartridge used by the former Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact countries, including Russia, China, Iran, North Korea, and many others. It was invented in 1934 to create a cartridge like the German 13.2mm TuF anti-tank rifle round and the American .50 Browning Machine Gun round (12.7×99mm NATO).

It is used in the same roles as the NATO .50 BMG (12.7×99mm NATO) cartridge. The two differ in bullet shape and weight, and the casing of the 12.7 × 108 mm is slightly longer, and its larger case capacity allows it to hold slightly more of a different type of powder. The 12.7 × 108 mm can be used to engage a wide variety of targets on the battlefield, and will destroy unarmored vehicles, penetrate lightly armored vehicles and damage external ancillary equipment (i.e.: searchlights, radar, transmitters, vision blocks, engine compartment covers) on heavily armored vehicles such as tanks. It will also ignite gasoline and—since 2019—diesel fuel (experimental "Avers" AP/I round).

Cartridge dimensions

The 12.7 × 108 mm has 22.72 ml (350 grains) H2O cartridge case capacity.

12.7 × 108 mm maximum cartridge dimensions. All sizes in millimeters (mm).

Americans define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 ≈ 18.16 degrees.

According to guidelines the 12.7 × 108 mm case can handle up to 360 MPa (52,213 psi) piezo pressure. In C.I.P. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum CIP pressure to certify for sale to consumers.

Cartridge types

Soviet and Russian 12.7 × 108 mm types

; Б-30 (B-30) : First version of 1930. Armor-piercing (бронебойная) bullet weighing 49 g and 64 mm long with hardened steel core. Replaced by B-32. ; БЗТ (BZT) : Pre-WW2 armor-piercing incendiary (бронебойно-зажигательная) tracer. Replaced by BZT-44. ; Б-32 (B-32) (GRAU# 57-BZ-542, 7-BZ-2) : Steel-cored API bullet. Main type in use. Penetrates 20 mm NATO medium-hard RHA from 500 m at 0° when fired out of DShKM. Penetrates 20 mm 2P steel from 100 m at 0° when fired out of NSV-12.7. First produced 1936; named after the B-32 7.62×54mmR ammunition of 1932. ; БС-41 (BS-41) : API bullet weighing 55.4 g and 51 mm long with a cemented carbide (Re8 WC-Co) core. Produced in small quantities at the beginning of WWII for the 12.7 mm Sholokhov anti-tank rifles (PTRSh-41). ; БЗТ-44 (BZT-44) (GRAU# 57-BZT-542) : APIT with brighter tracer, usually used with B-32. Complemented by BZT-44M (GRAU# 57-BZT-542M) of 2002 with subdued tracer. ; БЗФ-46 (BZF-46) : API bullet with (white) phosphorus (фосфорная). Aircraft MG round. ; БС (BS) (GRAU# 7-BZ-1) : API bullet with cemented carbide (VK8 WC-Co, commonly called a "cermet" in Russian) core, developed in 1972. Ballistics also similar to B-32. ; МДЗ / MDZ (GRAU# 7-3-2) : Immediate-action incendiary. Used in belt with B-32 and BZT-44(M). ; 12,7 1СЛ (12.7 1SL) (GRAU# 9-A-4012) ; 12,7 1СЛТ (12.7 1SLT) (GRAU# 9-A-4427) : Tandem / duplex cartridge with two bullets inside, in normal and tracer versions. Developed 1985 for use by helicopter against soft targets. ; 12,7СН (12.7SN) (GRAU# 7N34) : Sniper cartridge (FMJ; AP). Bullet weighs 59.2 g and travels at ~800 m/s. Bullet consists of hardened tool steel tip and lead body. Able to defeat lightly-armored vehicles at 1500 m and 10 mm RHA at 800 m. Entered production in the 2000s. ; 12.7 Blank (GRAU# 7H1) ; 12.7 UCH Dummy (GRAU# 7H2)

Note that some WW2 bullets share designations with ones for 14.5×114mm.

Use

Anti-tank and anti-materiel rifles

AMR-2 anti-materiel sniper rifle
ČZW-127 anti-materiel sniper rifle
Falcon OP96 anti-material rifle
Gepard anti-materiel rifles
Golan S-01 anti-materiel sniper rifle
KSVK anti-materiel sniper rifle
OSV-96 anti-materiel sniper rifle
PDSHP anti-materiel sniper rifle
QBU-10 anti-materiel sniper rifle
QBU-201
Snipex M
SVN-98 experimental anti-materiel rifle
V-94 anti-tank/anti-materiel rifle
Vidhwansak anti-materiel rifle
Zastava M93 Black Arrow anti-materiel sniper rifle
Zastava M12 Black Spear anti-materiel sniper rifle
Zijiang M99 anti-materiel sniper rifle
- Zijiang & Poly M99-I/M99B-I/M06 anti-materiel sniper rifle
Zijiang LR-2/LR-2A anti-materiel sniper rifle

Heavy machine guns

6P62 handheld machine gun
Afanasev A-12.7 heavy machine gun
DShK heavy machine gun
Berezin UB aircraft machine gun
CS/LM5 Gatling machine gun
M17G 12.7mm hatch machine gun
NSV heavy machine gun
Kord heavy machine gun
Type 77 heavy machine gun
QJC-88 heavy machine gun
QJZ-89 heavy machine gun
QJZ-171 heavy machine gun
Zastava M02 Coyote heavy machine gun
Yak-B 12.7mm Gatling gun
Zastava M87 heavy machine gun
Yu-12.7 aircraft gun

References

[http://www.wlhoward.com/id554.htm#prof Technical Intelligence Bulletins May - June 2003] {{webarchive. link. (August 13, 2006)
"ЦАМТО / Новости / В России создали новые зажигательные патроны калибра 12,7 мм".
"CARTRIDGE WITH ARMOR-PIERCING INCENDIARY BULLET".
Гнатовский Н. И., Шорин П. А. История развития отечественного стрелкового оружия. — М.: Военное изд-во Министерства обороны СССР, 1959, с. 235
[http://www.lveplant.ru/pages_ru.php?id=33 сайт ЗАО НПЗ]
(22 February 2018). "12,7x107 крупнокалиберные патроны".
(22 February 2018). "12.7x107 large-caliber cartridges".
"12.7 mm 7N34 sniper cartridge 7N34".
[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f5oqCPAFRf4&feature=youtu.be АСВК КОРД 12.7х108 и ОСВ-96 - YouTube]

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